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Purpose Evaluate the effect of short gamete incubation on fertilization rate and embryo quality. Methods A prospective study has been performed. Two thousand five hundred and forty seven sibling oocytes from 240 couples undergoing IVF attempts were allocated to a short (1 h) or a standard (18 h) insemination procedure. Diploid fertilization rate (two pronuclei, 2PN), polyspermy (>2PN) and embryo quality were compared. Results The fertilization rate was statistically lower in the short insemination group compared to the standard insemination one (64.9% and 70.1%; P=0.039), with a similar polyspermy rate observed between the two groups. A slight, but non significant, increase was observed concerning good embryo quality rate in the short insemination group when compared to the standard insemination, both at day 2 (60.1 vs. 58.1%; P=0.06) and day 3 (53.2 vs. 48.5%; P=0.22). ConclusionThis new study highlights that a 1 h gamete exposure decreases the fertilization rate and does not improve embryo quality compared with a standard 18 h insemination procedure.

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