The Egyptian government has set renewable energy targets of 20% of the electricity mix by 2022 and 42% by 2035. The National Water Research Center (NWRC) (Qanatir, Egypt) set up a pilot rooftop 90 kW PV system supporting this approach. This paper analyzes the electrical output signals of 90 kW photovoltaics on-grid system mounted on the roof of the National Water Research Center (NWRC) (Qanatir, Egypt). A previous simulation model using Matlab program is modified to incorporate more accurate information on system configuration became available. Components of the model were modified: four inverters (20 kW rated power) and one (10 kW rated power) and the scenario of tying the system to the local low voltage grid is discarded. Recommendation from previous study was taken to tie system the national high voltage grid to multiply the savings; therefore, it is the only simulated scenario.The simulated output energy of the system, at different values of solar intensity, is compared with the recorded data. A deviation between the simulink model and recorded data is found, due to power failure, surface cleaning of PV panels and weather variations. The results showed that the maximum energy is generated during July (14.5 MWhr) whilst the minimum energy in December and January (5 MWhr).
In this paper the effect of motor vibration problems on the dynamic performance and electrical power quality of water pumping stations is studied. A pump unit was tested for a full load and no load operating conditions. The dynamic results indicated that there is a problem of looseness in the motor base plate. The measurements were repeated again after achieving good support to the motor on its base plate. The results indicated that the vibration level decreased about 48% due to good support. The electrical power quality analysis showed that; the total harmonic distortion (THD) increases by about 1-2% due to the effect of bad motor vibration, and the 5th and 7th harmonic contents also increased by about 0.5-1.0%. Also the bad motor vibration caused large values of instantaneous flicker. These results indicated that the bad motor support causes many dynamics troubles and causes some power quality problems for the electrical feeder.
The integration of Solar-powered pumping systems (SPPS) into agriculture and wastewater sectors becomes mandatory to provide water in remote regions. The broad use of SPPS with classical maximum power point tracking controllers (MPPTCs) showed moderated voltage and power response deterioration. This paper presents a new simple, cost-effective real-time hardware-in-the-loop (RT-HIL) framework to enhance the dynamic performance of SPPS. To accomplish this study, a real pumping station was modeled and equipped with MPPTCs through MATLAB/SIMULINK. Besides, a practical SPPS was implemented to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed RT-HIL on system performance. The tuned PI/FOPI-based MPPTCs are adopted in this work to gain the maximum power from the PV generator under measured real environmental conditions. The proposed real-time MPPTCs techniques are Perturb and Observe and Incremental Conductance with I, PI, and fractional-order PI (FOPI) controllers. The simulation and the experimental results prove the superiority of the developed real-time FOPI-based MPPTCs on enhancing the system performance in terms of the gained power, module output current, pump flow rate, and pump efficiency. Paper's novelty lies behind the relatively low-cost real-time execution of PI/FOPI based MPPT techniques on SPPS. This work was simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK in conjunction with Arduino-based RT-HIL and the experimental validation was implemented at the National Water Research Center (NWRC) in Egypt.
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