Purpose: The purpose of the present study is to find the impact of tax revenue, non-tax revenue, and foreign aid to increase the size of the budget in Nepal. Methods: This study is based on descriptive, analytical, and exploratory research designs. The Johnsen Co-integration Test, VECM, Wald Test, and Granger Causality Test are used to find long-run relation, impact, short-run causality, and granger cause between the pairs of variables. Results: The tax revenue, non-tax revenue, foreign aid, and budget are co-integrated, or they have a long-run association ship. The result of VECM shows that tax revenue, non-tax revenue, foreign aid is nicely fitted, and they are jointly significant to explain the size of the budget in Nepal. Short-run causality was found between the size of budget and tax revenue and size of budget and foreign aid, but there was an absence of short-run causality between budget and non-tax revenue in Nepal. The granger cause was not found between the pair of variables. Implications: It seems to increase the tax revenue and decrease the dependency on foreign aid. Limitations: This study was based on the secondary data of 40 years from the fiscal year 1979/80 to 2018/19. Only three variables, tax revenue, non-tax revenue, and foreign aid, are considered the effecting factor of the budget size. Hence, further study is necessary by employing other tools and variables. Originality: The author was not affected by the study and findings of others.
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to find out the condition of priority of commercial banks to provide loans to the agricultural sector and to find the relationship and impact of agricultural loans to the agricultural GDP of Nepal. Objectives: This study aims to compare the condition of loan disbursements in agricultural and manufacturing sectors. It further aims to compare loan percent with growth and contribution to the GDP of the agricultural and industrial sectors and tries to show the impact of agricultural loans to the agricultural GDP of Nepal. Methods: It was based on a descriptive and analytical research design. Statistical tools standard deviation, correlation, regression, etc. are used and Excel, and EViews software are used for the statistical calculations. Statistical calculations and graphs are simultaneously used to show and compare the condition of variables. Results: Commercial banks give higher priority to the manufacturing sector for loans than the agricultural sector. The Johansen Co-integration test indicates no long-run relationship between loans of commercial banks and agricultural output in Nepal. However, the least-squares method, it indicates that a positive causal relationship between agricultural loans and agricultural growth. Implications: The loans of commercial banks directly stimulate the growth of agriculture but the amount of growth is less noticeable. Thus, it is concluded that the commercial bank's loan alone cannot affect and control the growth of the agricultural sector of the Nepalese economy therefore the government should increase its expenditure on the agricultural sector.
This study aims to analyze the impact of FDI on employment generation in industrial sector of Nepal for the period of 1990-2020. For analyzing the impact of FDI, the econometric analysis likes OLS, unit root, co-integration, vector autoregressive model and Granger causality are undertaken. Results of unit root test are not stationary in level but stationary after first differenced. The result of co-integration test indicates that there is no co-integration between foreign direct investment and employment generation. This means a long-run co-integration relation between variable does not exist. The result of Granger causality test shows there is no bidirectional causality between these variables. It is seen that due to the negligible and flexible amount of FDI in Nepal, there is no long-run relationship between FDI and employment generation.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.