The purpose of the work is comprehensive examination of a newborn with cholestasis syndrome to determine congenital hypopituitarism. Materials and methods. The child was hospitalized on the 30th day of his life. At admission, complaints were noted about the ictericity of the skin, low body weight gain, convulsive syndrome (history). Differential diagnosis was carried out between diseases such as: impaired liver function, against the background of the course of the infectious-inflammatory process; diseases of the liver and bile ducts of hereditary nature; congenital malformations of the bile tract; metabolic and hormonal disorders. Results. During the survey, the following deviations from the norm were obtained: in the biochemical analysis there was an increase in the level of transaminases, alkaline phosphatase, total and direct bilirubin, hypoglycemia. When evaluating the hormonal profile, an increase in the level of prolactin, thyroid hormone, a decrease in the level of T4 free, insulin, and a complete absence of cortisol were revealed. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain - a picture of subependymal nodes of gray matter heterotopia, ectopia of the neurophysis. Conclusions. Lowering glucose levels, especially when combined with cholestasis syndrome, may be an early but nonspecific sign of congenital hypopituitarism. Hypoglycemia in newborns occurs as a result of intrauterine insufficiency of somatotropic hormone and cortisol related to contrinsular hormones. Cortisol deficiency also contributes to the development of cholestasis syndrome by reducing the expression of tubule transport proteins that regulate bile secretion into bile tubules. In addition to studying the hormonal profile, a brain MRI is performed to verify the diagnosis. Patients with congenital hypopituitarism are characterized by the detection of characteristic signs: the picture of the “empty” or “partially empty” Turkish saddle, as well as the classic triad of symptoms: hypoplasia/pituitary leg aplasia, neurophysis ectopia, adenohypophysis hypoplasia. This clinical case demonstrates that cholestasis syndrome may lie in the debut of a more severe pathology. At the same time, early diagnosis and adequately selected hormone replacement therapy leads to a rapid cessation of life-threatening conditions and an improvement in the quality of life of the child.

A clinical case of early diagnosis of Pentalogy of Cantrell (POC) in a newborn infant is presented. The features of the formation of the defect and its classification are described. A crucial role in verifying the diagnosis was performed by CT scan with intravenous contrast, which revealed a narrowing of the pulmonary artery trunk; located subcutaneously above the umbilical ring, the diverticulum of the left ventricle of the heart, originating from the apical section of the left ventricle and connected to its cavity by a linear isthmus located along the middle line, as well as a local defect of the diaphragm in the anterior section. Taking into account the accumulated experience, it is generally recognized that when establishing this diagnosis in the first trimester, termination of pregnancy is more preferable. Therefore, parents should be notified of a possible adverse outcome in a timely manner. The presented observation reflects the high importance of early diagnosis of congenital forms of combined pathology in children, requiring the use of modern research methods to determine the tactics and conduct timely effective treatment.