Mean parenting stress among mothers of children with DS significantly differed by behavioural problems in their children. Parenting stress is also significantly correlated with frequent use of acceptance, religious and optimist coping styles, and presence of maternal depressive, anxiety and stress symptoms. However, hierarchical regression analysis identified maternal depression and lack of acceptance of having a child with DS as the most significant predictors of parenting stress in these mothers.
BackgroundThis cross-sectional study assesses factors that contribute to discontinuing breastfeeding among employed mothers in Malaysia.MethodsA structured questionnaire was used in conducting this study involving all government health clinics in Petaling district between July and September 2006. Respondents were Malaysian women with children between the ages of six to twelve months who were formally employed. Factors studied were selected socio-demographic and work-related characteristics.ResultsFrom a total of 290 respondents, 51% discontinued breastfeeding. The majority (54%) of mothers who discontinued breastfeeding had breastfed their babies for less than three months. Compared to Malay mothers, the risk of breastfeeding discontinuation were higher among Chinese (AOR 3.7, 95% CI: 1.7, 7.8) and Indian mothers (AOR 7.3, 95% CI 1.9, 27.4). Not having adequate breastfeeding facilities at the workplace was also a risk factor for breastfeeding discontinuation (AOR 1.8, 95% CI: 1.05, 3.1).ConclusionIt is important that workplaces provide adequate breastfeeding facilities such as a room in which to express breast milk and a refrigerator, and allow mothers flexible time to express breast milk.
Health care providers should be aware of multiethnic traditional postpartum practices and use the commonalities in these practices as part of their postpartum care regimen.
Objective: The aim of this paper is to assess the level of knowledge on HIV/AIDS and its risk factors, attitude towards HIV/AIDS and AIDS patients and its transmission, and to identify high risk behaviors associated with HIV/AIDS among university students in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. Methodology: A crosssectional survey was conducted among students enrolled in two universities, the Xinjiang University (XU) and Xinjiang Medical University (XMU). Data was collected using validated self-administered standardized questionnaire on knowledge, attitude and practice regarding HIV/AIDS among 200 students from XU and 200 students from XMU who agreed to participate in the study Result: Among the 400 students who participated in the study, the mean knowledge score was 19.3 +5.5 and their knowledge score ranged from 2 to 30. Two hundred and ninety eight (74.5%) students had knowledge score above 15. Mean knowledge scores were significantly higher among males (p=0.04), those who majored in medical courses (p= 0.01), those in the final year of study in university (p=0.04) and by ethnicity, among Han Chinese (p=0.00). However only 33.3% of the students had positive attitude towards HIV/AIDS and patients with HIV/AIDS. Mean attitude scores were not significantly different by sex, study major, year of study or ethnicity. With regards to high risk behaviors associated with HIV transmission, 15.8% of these students had at least one risk behavior related to unprotected sexual exposure. High-risk behavior was significantly higher among males (p=0.03) and first year students (p=0.03). Conclusion: Our study found most Xinjiang university students had good knowledge, but negative attitude towards HIV/AIDS and HIV/AIDS patients, and 15% of them reported having at least one high-risk behavior related to sex and unprotected sex. Thus HIV/AIDS health education efforts should be intensified to change attitude and practice among university students in Xinjiang especially among female students, newly enrolled students, and among the Uyghur and other minority students.
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