The aim. To establish the prevalence of PMS symptoms and evaluate the medication management of this disorder in Lviv. Materials and methods. The objects of the study were: scientific publications related to the problem of PMS; the results (n=105) of the survey. Methods applied: systematization, generalization, comparison, questionnaire. The statistical analyses (descriptive statistics, univariable analysis using simple logistic regression, multiple logistic regression) were performed with SPSS Trial. Results. The prevalence of PMS among the surveyed was high (83,8 %). The most common complaints are abdominal and/or low back pain (46,6 %) and increased irritability/aggression (43,2 %). Almost half (46,6 %) of women who experienced PMS consult a pharmacist, and only 23,9 % seek medical advice. At the same time, 87,5 % (n=77) of women (among those suffering from PMS) use medicines to alleviate/eliminate the symptoms of PMS. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (77,6 %), sedatives (36,8 %), and complex herbal remedies that affect the genital system (18,4 %) are the most common drugs for PMS. Choosing the way of PMS management, 44,8 % of women would prefer herbal medicines to synthetic ones. Both previous using of synthetic drugs for PMS and adverse drug reactions to synthetic drugs have a statistically significant contribution to a positive attitude towards herbal remedies (p=0,004 and p=0,026, respectively). Conclusion. PMS is a common medical and social issue. Achieving effective and safe medication management of PMS requires the joint participation of a physician, pharmacist, and the patient in terms of compliance and lifestyle adjustments
Cough is a typical symptom of common cold and a frequent reason for visiting the pharmacies and purchasing over-the-counter (OTC) medicines. Dispensing drugs for the symptomatic relief of cough is carried out in accordance with the current pharmacist’s protocol, which describes the algorithm of pharmaceutical care. Aim of the study – to determine the permanent problems of pharmacist’s protocol realization concerning wet cough by questionnaire survey of pharmacy workers. The study was carried out by 2 steps: step 1 – in 2015 (May–December), step 2 – in 2020 (January–October). One developed questionnaire was used for both steps of the research process. 168 of pharmacy employees took part in step 1, and 144 – in step 2. Methods: systemic approach, questionnaire survey, analytical, statistical and comparative. It was found that 75,6% of pharmaceutical workers in 2015 and 97,2% in 2020 (p < 0,05) asked pharmacy customers about «threatening» symptoms in patients with cough. If any «threatening» symptom was identified, 73,2% of respondents in 2015 compared with 96,4% in 2020 referred patients to a doctor (p < 0,05), 18,9% vs 29,3% of respondents recommended and dispensed antibiotics (p < 0,05), 13,4% vs 19,3% – antiviral drugs (p > 0,05), 18,1% vs 65,7% – analgesics-antipyretics/non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (p < 0,05), 3,1% vs 37,1% – vitamin and mineral complexes (p < 0,05). Acetylcysteine (76,2% of respondents in 2015 vs 89,6% in 2020, p < 0,05) and ambroxol (59,5% of respondents in 2015 vs 84,7% in 2020, p < 0,05) were the most frequently recommended and dispensed medicines from pharmacies for symptomatic pharmacotherapy of wet cough. At the same time, 11,3% of respondents in 2015 vs 8.3% in 2020 (p > 0.05) still dispensed antitussive drugs which are contraindicated in this case. In 2015 priority was given to syrups (85,1%) and tablets for oral administration (62,5%), but in 2020 – sachets (80,6%) and tablets for oral administration (79,9%). However, 8,3% of pharmacy workers in 2015 vs 15,2% in 2020 never interviewed pharmacy customers regarding co-morbidity in patients (p > 0.05). Quality and safety of drugs were the most important motivating factors in OTC-drugs choice at both steps of the study. In 2020 their influence on the choice of OTC-drugs increased significantly (p < 0.05). According to the results of the questionnaire survey, 5 main permanent problems associated with the pharmacist’s protocol realization concerning wet cough have been identified, the solution of which will improve the quality of pharmaceutical care in pharmacies.
and formation of the messages of pharmaceutical care (including assessment of its quality). However, we consider that according to the vectors of further development of clinical pharmacy the professional directions of the clinical pharmacist may vary.
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