Shenfu coal (SFC), its liquefaction residue (RL), and carbon disulfide (CS2)/tetrahydrofuran (THF)-inextractable matter (RE) were subject to ruthenium ion-catalyzed oxidation to understand the differences in structural features among the above three samples. The results suggest that SFC is rich in long-chain arylalkanes and α,ω-diarylalkanes (DAAs) with carbon number of methylene linkage from 2 to 4 and that long-chain arylalkanes and DAAs are reactive toward hydroliquefaction and soluble in a CS2/THF mixed solvent, whereas highly condensed aromatic species in SFC show poor solubility in the CS2/THF mixed solvent.

Microwave-assisted hydrogen transfer to anthracene and phenanthrene over Pd/C was investigated under mild conditions. The effects of reaction temperature, initial hydrogen pressure, and reaction time on the reactant conversions and product selectivities were examined. The results show that the hydrogenations of both reactants proceed at much lower temperature and hydrogen pressure under microwave irradiation than those by conventional heating and that related reactions include both mon-and biatomic hydrogen transfer. The reactivities of both reactants and their products toward hydrogenation and/or dehydrogenation are closely related to superdelocalizability and resonance energy values of the related species.

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An easy and effective strategy for synthesizing a ratiometric fluorescent nanosensor has been demonstrated in this work. Novel fluorescent BSA-AuNPs@Tb-AMP (BSA, bovine serum albumin; AMP, adenosine 5'-monophosphate; AuNPs, Au nanoparticles) metal-organic framework (MOF) nanostructures were synthesized by encapsulating BSA-AuNPs into Tb-AMP MOFs for the detection of 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid (DPA) and Hg . DPA could strongly co-ordinate with Tb to replace water molecules from the Tb center and accordingly enhanced the fluorescence of Tb-AMP MOFs. The fluorescence of BSA-AuNPs at 405 nm remained constant. While the fluorescence of BSA-AuNPs at 635 nm was quenched after Hg was added, the fluorescence of Tb-AMP MOFs remained constant. Accordingly, a ratiometric fluorescence nanosensor was constructed for detection of DPA and Hg . The ratiometric nanosensor exhibited good selectivity to DPA over other substances. The F /F linearly increased with increase of DPA concentration in the range of 50 nM to 10 μM with a detection limit as low as 17.4 nM. F /F increased linearly with increase of Hg concentration ranging from 50 nM to 1 μM with a detection limit as low as 20.9 nM. Additionally, the nanosensor could be successfully applied for the determination of DPA and Hg in running water.

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Herein, a facile one‐pot strategy was developed to synthesize novel dual‐emission nanoscale ZnMOF74 encapsulating with fluorescein o‐acrylate (F1) and tris(2,2’‐bipyridyl)‐dichroruthenium(II) hexahydrate (Rubpy) (F1‐Rubpy@ZnMOF74). The as‐prepared dual‐emission F1‐Rubpy@ ZnMOF74 nanocomposites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray powder diffraction, N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms and fluorescence techniques. The results showed F1‐Rubpy@ZnMOF74 nanocomposites were spherical with diameter of 100–300 nm, and exhibited good water dispersion. F1 and Rubpy were uniformly encapsulated in the pores of ZnMOF74. The nanosensor displayed strong emission peaks of F1 at 512 nm and Rubpy at 600 nm. The I512nm/I600nm decreased with increasing concentration of ClO− in the range of 3.6 nM‐100 μM with low detection limit of 1.2 nM. The nanocomposites also showed high sensitivity, selectivity and stability, which was expected to apply in quality testing of industrial goods and further biological cell experiments. The work also provides a good method to construct ratiometric fluorescent sensors based on MOFs.