: Medicinal plants have a long history of use as food and remedy in traditional and modern societies, as well as have been used as herbal drugs and sources of novel bioactive compounds. They provide a wide array of chemical compounds, many of which can not be synthesized via current synthesis methods. Natural products may provide aromatase inhibitory activity through various pathways and may act clinically effective for treating pathologies associated with excessive aromatase secretion including breast, ovarian and endometrial cancers, endometriosis, uterine fibroid, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), prostate cancer, infertility, and gynecomastia. Recent studies have shown that natural products with aromatase inhibitory activity, could also be good options against secondary recurrence of breast cancer by exhibiting chemopreventive effects. Therefore, screening for new plant-based aromatase inhibitors may provide novel leads for drug discovery and development, particularly with increased clinical efficacy and decreased side effects.
Two new sesquiterpene glucosides, 1α,6β,9β-trihydroxy-eudesm-4(15)-en-1,6-O-βdiglucopyranoside (1) and 1α,6β,9β-trihydroxy-eudesm-3-en-1,6-O-β-diglucopyranoside (2) were obtained along with the 1α,6β,9β-trihydroxy-5,10-bis-epi-eudesm-3-en-6-O-β-Dglucopyranoside (3), chlorogenic acid (4), luteolin 7-O-rutinoside (5) and luteolin 7-Oglucoside (6) from the whole plant parts of Lecokia cretica. Their structures were determined on the basis of 1D, 2D NMR and HRMS analyses. The in vitro cytotoxic activity of compounds 1-3 against human lung cancer cells (A549) and normal human lung cells (BEAS-2B) was determined using the MTT colorimetric assay. All the tested eudesmane derivatives were found to be inactive.
Hyoscyamus species known as "Banotu" carry tropane alkaloids. Tropane alkaloids, including atropine, hyoscyamine and scopolamine, have medically important pharmacological activities. In the pharmaceutical industry, medicinal plants can be used as a source of alkaloids. In order to obtain tropane alkaloids in the pharmaceutical industry, the total amount of alkaloids contained in Hyoscyamus species must be known.In this study, the total content of alkaloids in fruit, leaf, stem, and flower parts of Hyoscyamus niger L. and Hyoscyamus reticulatus L., which grows in Sivas province of Turkey were investigated by spectrophotometric method. In the spectrophotometric analysis, bromocresol green, which forms a complex with alkaloids, was used as a coloring agent, and atropine was used as a standard. As a result of the study, it was determined that all parts of H. niger and H. reticulatus species contained tropane alkaloids. Except for the flower part, all other parts of H. niger contain more alkaloids than H. reticulatus. The highest alkaloid content was determined as 3.04 mg/g in H. niger leaf and 2.80 mg/g in H. reticulatus flower and leaf.
Pseudopregnancy is a luteal phase syndrome in which steroids, prolactin inhibitor agents or ovariectomy/ovariohysterectomy are used in the treatment. New medical strategies should be developed because of the serious side effects of current treatment regimens. Several plants and natural compounds are investigated for their modulatory effect on hormonal balance in the treatment of pseudopregnancy. Artemisia absinthium L. (wormwood) is a medicinal plant that belongs to the Asteraceae family, used as an emmenagogue and to induce abortus traditionally. This plant has a regulatory effect on the dopaminergic system. In this study, the therapeutic potential of the A. absinthium essential oil was examined in an experimentally-induced pseudopregnancy model in rats. The pseudopregnancy model was induced by injection of a pregnant mare’s serum gonadotropin and human chorionic gonadotropin to female rats. Essential oil of A. absinthium was orally administered to the rats at 12.5 mg/kg, 25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg doses once daily for 10 days. Bromocriptine (3 mg/kg/per os) was administered to the reference group animals. Gas Chromatography analysis was conducted on the essential oil to reveal its phytochemical profile. A. absinthium essential oil at 25 mg/kg dose displayed beneficial effects in the pseudopregnancy model in rats. Cis-chrysanthenyl acetate (17.8), sabinyl acetate (11.6%), terpinen-4-ol (6.2%), caryophyllene oxide (5.5%) and (E)-nuciferol (5.5%) were found as the major components in the oil. A. absinthium essential oil rich in cis-chrysanthenyl acetate, sabinyl acetate, terpinen-4-ol, caryophyllene oxide, and (E)-nuciferol should be displayed therapeutic activity against pseudopregnancy.
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