Steering of magnetic nano-/microhelices by a rotating magnetic field is considered as a promising technique for controlled navigation of tiny objects through viscous fluidic environments. It has been recently demonstrated that simple geometrically achiral planar structures can also be steered efficiently. Such planar propellers are interesting for practical reasons, as they can be mass-fabricated using standard micro/nanolithography techniques. While planar magnetic structures are prone to inplane magnetization, under the effect of an in-plane rotating magnetic field, they exhibit, at most, propulsion due to spontaneous symmetry breaking, i.e., they can propel either parallel or antiparallel to the rotation axis of the field depending on their initial orientation. Here we demonstrate that actuation by a conically rotating magnetic field (i.e., superposition of in-plane rotating field and constant field orthogonal to it) can yield efficient unidirectional propulsion of planar and magnetized in-plane structures. In particular, we found that a highly symmetrical V-shape magnetized along its symmetry axis which exhibits no net propulsion in in-plane rotating field, exhibits unidirectional in-sync propulsion with a constant (frequency-independent) velocity when actuated by the conically rotating field.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.