Background: While students possess procedural knowledge associated with engineering calculations and calculus, they often exhibit a disconnect between the conceptual meaning of mathematics and the problem being solved. This conceptual understanding of what mathematics "says" is defined by the theoretical framework of numeracy. Many engineering numeracy studies have been conducted, but they lacked a unifying theoretical framework, a common lexicon, or formal definitions to connect related numeracy topics.Purpose/Hypothesis: This study aims to define numeracy in the context of engineering mathematics and add to the broad theoretical framework of engineering numeracy. Formal skills, terms, and definitions are presented to generate further research. Design/Method: A Delphi study was conducted to identify which skills constitute engineering numeracy and define engineering numeracy skills. Also, a content analysis of 5466 articles published between 1970 and 2018 was conducted to validate the findings of the Delphi panel. Results: The Delphi study identified 32 skills and subskills, each validated and refined by the content analysis. The content analysis highlighted the need for more engineering numeracy studies. The difficulty and importance of learning different numeracy skills were also established.
Board games may serve as the vehicle for students to experience teamwork skills in a low-stakes environment, facilitating discussion of the value of good teamwork practices. This work has evolved to a point where "refresher" activities for higher level students are the next logical step. Our research question asks: which games are most appropriate for developing specific skills, especially associated with teamwork?A Delphi Study is underway to allow for a panel of experts to facilitate the aspect of connecting teamwork to game elements. The panel of experts consists of game designers, game reviewers, game publishers, game store owners, and prominent game collectors. The panel will go through multiple cycles to identify the above characteristics. The panel will be guided through the lexicon of teamwork to better equip them on how to decide the most appropriate alignment between game mechanics and teamwork skills.From this analysis, the research team will be equipped to catalog which games are best aligned with the skills educators wish to develop or reinforce for their engineering students. Some skills beyond teamwork the games will be targeted towards are communication, effort coordination, adaptability, and risk assessment for decision making.
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