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Aim:The purpose of our investigation is to evaluate the anti-arthritic potential of isolated rosmarinic acid from the rind of Punica granatum. Method: Rosmarinic acid was isolated by bioactivity-guided isolation from butanolic fraction of Punica granatum and acute toxicity of rosmarinic acid was carried out.The experiment was conducted at doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg, in Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA)-induced arthritic rats. Various parameters, that is arthritic score, paw volume, thickness of paw, hematological, antioxidant and inflammatory parameters such as glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malonaldehyde (MDA) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were also estimated. Results:Rosmarinic acid significantly decreased the arthritic score, paw volume, joint diameter, white blood cell count and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. It also significantly increased body weight, hemoglobin and red blood cells. The significantly decreased levels of TNF-α were observed in treated groups as compared to arthritic control rats (P < 0.001). At the same time antioxidant parameters (like GSH and SOD) were increased significantly while levels of MDA were significantly decreased (P < 0.001). Conclusion:The outcome of the present research concludes that rosmarinic acid showed significant anti-arthritic potential in FCA-induced arthritis in Wistar rats. This study represented the therapeutic role of rosmarinic acid from Punica granatum for the management of arthritis/rheumatoid arthritis/osteoarthritis and related inflammatory complications with negligible side effects which was still far from complete mitigation with available conventional medicines. K E Y W O R D Sarthritic rats, bioactivity-guided isolation, butanolic fraction, Punica granatum, rosmarinic acid

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Background:The cow urine has been used traditionally for the management of many diseases and also used as bio-enhancer to improve their therapeutic effect. Objective: To prepare and evaluate the anti-obesity potential of distillate cow urine and compare with fresh cow urine against high fat diet induced obesity in Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: Qualitative analysis of fresh cow urine and its distillate was done and used for the evaluation of assessment of anti-obesity parameters like BMI, abdominal circumference, obesity index, atherogenic index, lipid profile analysis and histopathological evaluation after two months daily oral treatment against high fat diet induced Obesity. Results: The treated groups with fresh cow urine and its distillate has reduced BMI, abdominal circumference, obesity index, atherogenic index, total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-C and VLDL-C Significantly while increased the levels of HDL-C as compared with control group (P<0.05). The Histopathological evaluation revealed the size of visceral white adipose tissue in treated groups was reduced as compared with control Group. Conclusion: In the present research conclude that fresh cow urine and its distillate both are having significant anti-obesity activity against high fat diet induced obesity in Wistar rats.