Oilseed crops occupy a significant place in the Indian economy, next to food grains. Rapeseed-mustard is the third important oilseed crop grown in the world after soybean (Glycine max) and palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) oil. The area, production and yield of rapeseed-mustard in the world was 36.68 mha, 72.42 mt and 1974 kg ha-1 , respectively, during 2017-18. Globally, India accounts for 19.8 % and 9.8% of the total acreage and production (Anonymous, 2019). India is an important rapeseedmustard growing country in the world, occupying the third position in its production after Canada and China. Of the seven edible oilseeds cultivated in India, contribution of rapeseed-mustard (Brassica spp.) is 28.6% in the total production of oilseeds. In India, it is the second most Article History
Background: Bengal gram or chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is an important pulse crop grown in North India. The gram pod borer, Helicovera armigera (Hubner) is the major biotic constraint in the production of gram and causes heavy crop losses (20-60%) throughout the India. The damage caused by pod borer starts from early stages and continues up to the vegetative growth, flowering, poding and till maturity of the crop. The larvae of pod borer feeds on the leaves, stem, pods and the seeds of gram, yield losses mainly occurred due to the pod damage. A single larva can destroy 30-40 pods before attaining the maturity. Cultural practices like use of different intercrop combinations might be successful in avoiding or reducing the pod borer infestation. The current study was aimed to find out the best possible intercrop combination for the management of pod borer in chickpea. Methods: A field experiment was conducted at research farm, College of Agriculture, SKRAU, Bikaner during Rabi, 2014-15 and 2015-16 to study the impact of different intercrop combinations in the management of gram pod borer, in chickpea. Result: The intercrops, viz., wheat, barley, mustard, linseed and safflower with chickpea significantly reduced the population of H. armigera over the sole crop of chickpea. The minimum larval population and pod damage was observed in chickpea+safflower intercrop combination, whereas, the maximum was observed in chickpea+linseed. The highest equivalent yield (11.93 q ha-1) was computed in chickpea+barley, whereas, minimum (10.17 q ha-1) being in chickpea+linseed intercrop combination.
Performance analysis in terms of gap analysis, yield enhancement and economic viability of improved production technologies of moth bean vis-à-vis farmers' practice was evaluated through front line demonstrations at farmers' field during kharif seasons of 2015, 2016 and 2018. The front line demonstrations were conducted by Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Bikaner-II, Rajasthan. Recommended technologies for the agro-climatic zone (Hyper Arid Partial Irrigated Plain Zone, numerated as IC) developed by the university were adopted in letter and spirit for cultivating moth bean. Improved varieties of moth bean recommended for the region viz., RMO 257, CAZRI Moth 2 and RMO 257 were grown under demonstrations. Selection of farmers' were done following due technique of Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA). The experimental results reveal that grain yield under demonstrations ranged from 520 to 610 kg/ha with a mean of 567 kg/ha. In per cent terms, scaling in productivity following improved technology ranged from 18.96 to 30.00% with an average value of 23.26% (over the Farmers' practice). Moreover, average yield gaps for extension, technology and technology index were 50, 107 kg/ha and 8.11 per cent, respectively. Demonstration of improved technologies also fetched average gross (₹35,838/ha), net return (₹24,622/ha) and additional return (₹5,605/ha) in comparison to Farmers' practice. Demonstration of improved technology also resulted in realizing higher incremental cost benefit ratio (4.8) and benefit: cost ratio (2.20) compared to the Farmers' practice (1.89) during three years study period. This enhancement in grain yield and economics of moth bean under demonstrations clearly showed the impact of adoption of improved technology over farmers' practice in Hyper Arid Partial Irrigated Plain Zone of Rajasthan.
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