Background: Thyroid dysfunction is a common disorder in pregnancy along with anemia. But no study has evaluated the association between them. To estimate the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction and its association with anemia types in pregnant women during 1st trimester.Methods: Three hundred and eighty pregnant women with <12 weeks of gestational age were selected for the study with no history of thyroid dysfunction and anemia. All the pregnant women were classified into A, euthyroid and B, thyroid dysfunction groups. The B group was again subdivided into hypothyroid, subclinical hypothyroid (SCH), hyperthyroid according to nature of dysfunction. 5 ml of blood sample was collected from all subjects to analyse thyroid hormones and erythrocyte indices.Results: Out of 380 subjects, euthyroid was found to be 77.9%, and rest 22.1% were with thyroid dysfunction. Out of 84 thyroid dysfunction, hypothyroid was found to be 7.9%, SCH 13.9% and hyperthyroid was 0.3%. Out of 296 euthyroid women, anemia was identified in 97 pregnant women (32.8%) whereas in thyroid dysfunction women it was 43 women out of 84 (51.2%) which is a statistically significant. Significantly higher frequency of microcytic hypochromic anemia and normocytic normochromic anemia types were also found in thyroid dysfunction groups compared to euthyroid group (p<0.05). However, no significance between the thyroid dysfunction groups, Statistically significant difference was observed in the Hb concentration, RBC count, MCV, MCH and PCV between euthyroid and different thyroid dysfunction conditions (p<0.05). A statistically significant positive correlation was found between fT4 and erythrocyte indices.Conclusions: As fT4 and TSH correlated with erythrocyte indices, it is advisable to screen for thyroid dysfunction and vice versa so as to prevent the complications associated with anemia and thyroid dysfunction.
Aims: Abruptio placenta which is a major cause of maternal morbidity and perinatal mortality globally is of serious concern in the developing world. We retrospectively analysed the abruptio placenta cases and evaluated its impact on maternal and fetal outcomes. Materials and methods: This is a retrospective study conducted in department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at GGH, KADAPA from April 2018 to June 2019. Patients of abruptio placenta with more than 28 weeks of gestation, presenting with antepartum haemorrhage and their maternal and fetal outcome is evaluated. Results: In our study period we encountered 30 abruptio placenta cases. In 30 patients 11(36%) patients were presented with preeclampsia, 18(60%) patients were multiparous, and almost all the patients were having anaemia. These were considered as risk factors for abruptio placenta. All the cases were referred from nearby PHC to our tertiary care hospital, GGH, KADAPA. In our study 3(10%) patients developed complications, in that 2(6.6%) patients developed Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) and 1(3.33%) patient had acute kidney injury and no maternal deaths encountered in our study. Regarding fetal outcome 22(73.33%) patients presented with IUFD by the time of presentation to the hospital and 1(3.33%) stillbirth, 2(6.6%) babies admitted in SNCU and 5(16.66%) were having good Apgar. Conclusion: We observed that higher incidence of anaemia, multiparity and preeclampsia as risk factors in our study population. We need to motivate public regarding the importance of antenatal care, improvement in nutritional status and create awareness about family planning practices. We noticed that early identification and intervention can prevent maternal and perinatal mortality.
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