Gemälde der "Alten Meister" sind unersetzbare Kulturgüter, die von hohem künstlerischen, kulturellen, ethisch-religiösen, historischen, sozialen und/oder ökonomischen Wert sind. Daher hat der Schutz der Kunstwerke vor Beschädigungen höchste Priorität. Das große Interesse der Öffentlichkeit an Kulturgütern, wie den Ölgemälden, erfordert die Ausstellung der Gemälde und damit auch ihren Transport. Gemälde werden jedoch während der Exposition und des Transportes schädlichen, dynamischen Beanspruchungen ausgesetzt, was im Widerspruch zum Schutzbedarf steht. Da sich Ausstellungen und Transporte nicht vermeiden lassen, haben Restauratoren im Vorfeld die Aufgabe die Gemälde zu beurteilen, inwiefern diese den anstehenden Belastungen standhalten werden. Die Beurteilungskriterien sind subjektiver Natur und basieren auf sichtbaren Alterungsphänomenen. Die vorliegende Veröffentlichung diskutiert die Ergebnisse experimenteller Schwingungsanalysen an speziellen Testobjekten, die nach "Art der Alten Meister" hergestellt wurden. Grundlagen der Resultate sind Schwingungsantworten frischer und gealterter Ölgemälde, die mit Hilfe berührungsloser Lasertechnik gemessen wurden.
Abstract. Cultural assets are witnesses of past times with versatile worth. The irreplaceability of those treasures of art makes their protection our major task. This article reflects the commitment and results of 40 years of conservators' research to protect canvas -objects of cultural heritage -particularly from mechanical loads. It gives a classification of mechanical loads that act upon canvas during transport
The paper gives an overview about the results of modal analysis for the deployment structure of a lab model of the DOBSON SPACE TELESCOPE. The data of the modal analysis of the unfolded structure has been used to simulate the mechanical vibrations of the telescope forced by operating conditions. Furthermore the vibration response of the folded structure during launch conditions, which has been simulated by a shaker, has been examined. All results show that the aluminium model of the DOBSON SPACE TELESCOPE would be ready for service referring to the aspect of mechanical vibrations.
Preventive conservation is conductive to the long-term preservation of works of art. In order to realize the avoidance of damages in advance, risk management as well as foresighted thinking is required. The application of the method of engineering mechanics for preventive conservation is at the very beginning of its development. This article is a contribution to this still very young field. Generally, sensitive artworks combine all properties of complex mechanical structures. Oil paintings on canvas, for instance, are asymmetric, multiple curvilinear structures made of aged anisotropic compound materials with cracks and other damages. Due to their popularity, some artworks travel a lot, and during the exhibition and storage, they are always exposed to shocks and vibrations, therefore the protection of sensitive paintings is a demanding task, the solution of which requires the multidisciplinary cooperation especially in the context of engineering mechanics with its many specializations. The subject of the presented research is an artificial aged painting dummy in the simplest conceivable composition. This paper aims to describe the mechanical behavior of this test object, which is the basic requirement for the development of technological protective measures. The concept of the digital twin, known from Industry 4.0, is used to solve this task. This article focuses on the design of a virtual painting dummy that has the same static and dynamic behavior as the investigated real test object. Therefore, the deflection of the real dummy in lying position as well as the curvature of its standing position without and with dynamic excitations have been measured. The advantage of the analytical and Finite Element Analysis (FEA) models presented are their practicability and quick realizability at fair correlation. The concept presented offers a potential way to assess and finally reduce the risk for original paintings during various transport, exhibition, and storage situations with the help of virtual objects.
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