In this study, halogen-free flame retardants and metal
synergist
materials were used to enhance the flammability of PA6. PA6-based
composites including various fractions of additives were manufactured
using a twin-screw extruder and an injection molding machine. Mechanical,
thermal, physical, morphological, and flame retardant properties were
investigated with several characterization methods. The study aims
to meet R22 requirements based on the EN45545 standard for fire protection
of railway vehicles, according to which limiting oxygen index (LOI),
smoke density, and conventional index of toxicity (CIT) values under
HL3 hazard levels have to be min 32%, max 300, and max 1.5, respectively.
15FR-2MH, 15FR-5MH, 15FR-1MH-1ZB, 15FR-1MH-1BOH, and 15FR-1MH-1SIL
composites exhibited both the required smoke density, CIT, and LOI
values for R22. It can be said that hybrid synergists provide all
requirements according to the R22-EN45545 standard. Instead of using
15FR-2MH, 15FR-1MH-1BOH led to a lower smoke density value for PA6.
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