Various pictures can be utilized as learning media to facilitate language learners to learn vocabulary, pronunciation, grammar, and speaking skills. In the teaching of speaking, serial pictures can be designed to promote students to speak what the pictures illustrate. Therefore, speaking skills become crucial part in learning the target language. In learning English where learners have limited sources to access real English communication with native or non-native English speakers, speaking materials become essential roles in developing learners’ speaking skills. Unfortunately, most of English Foreign Learners (EFL) oftenly confused to practice their English speaking skill because of the the laerners are afraid to start the conversation or express their idea in English. Dealing with this issue, this study is aimed at developing the prototype of learning materials in the teaching of speaking skills in high school level. This study is categorized as R&D design (Research & Development). The data consisted of two kinds, quantitative and qualitative data. The quantitative data are collected using questionnaire and speaking tests. Meanwhile, qualitative data are gained using interview sheets. Then, the quantitative data were analyzed using statistical analysis, while the qualitative data were elaborated in qualitative ways. The process of the qualitative ways consisted of three main analyses, namely condensation data, data display, and conclusion drawing/verification. Based on the result of analysis, this study showed that most of the laerners are afraid to making mistakes in speaking English. It was affected by some difficulties like their pronunciation, vocabulary mastery also grammar. For further studies, speaking practices are needed more in learning English speaking to train them to use the language to communicate. The implication for further learning is that speaking materials are designed in line with students’ speaking level and students’ target needs and learning needs.
Using self-assessment as part of writing courses is key to improving strategic and affective self-regulation skills. The aim of this study is to investigate how self-assessment develops EFL students’ writing self-efficacy. To conduct this research, an embedded mixed-methods design was implemented with a sample of sixty control and experimental participants. This involved a post-scale of writing self-efficacy to collect quantitative data, and an interview administered to twenty participants after the experiment to explore their perceptions of their writing ability. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and an independent-samples t-test at α=0.05. Analysis of the data revealed that the mean score of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group on the self-efficacy scale, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant on the same variable. Data from the interview indicated that the majority of the participants voiced high perceptions of paragraph writing ability. Based on these findings, it can be assumed that self-assessment is a learning strategy which can enhance learners’ knowledge of criteria of good work and thus, can improve positive perceptions of their writing ability. This means that self-assessment can maximize their self-efficacy beliefs. Based on these findings, the study suggests recommendations for teachers to include self-assessment in their writing courses.
Using self-assessment as part of reading courses is key to improving reading comprehension skills. This study aims at exploring how self-assessment develops EFL students’ reading comprehension skills. It was conducted with a sample of 40 students enrolled in the English Department, University of Algiers 2 during the first semester of the academic year 2020/2021. To collect data, an embedded mixed-methods research paradigm was used which involved collecting both quantitative and qualitative data. The quantitative data were test scores collected as part of a pre-experiment. The pre-experiment involved administering a pre and post reading test and implementing a treatment. The treatment implemented was a self-assessment of reading strategies checklist. The qualitative data were obtained by means of an open-ended interview on participants’ reading strategies. Quantitative data were analysed by calculating the mean score and the t-test, while qualitative data were analysed using content analysis. The findings indicated that self-assessment helped the students to increase test scores and to develop their reading strategies. It enabled them to plan, monitor, and evaluate their reading process by implementing different strategies and techniques. Drawing on these findings, it is suggested that English teachers use self-assessment of reading strategies as part of reading courses, since it can improve students’ reading comprehension skills and strategy use.
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