This paper proposes a novel stacked dual-band differential rectenna. The proposed rectenna consists of two rectifying diodes and a dual-band array antenna with four 5.8-GHz patch antennas arrayed on a three-element 2.45-GHz array. The dual-band array antenna provides high gains of 12.2 and 13.8 dBi at 2.45 and 5.8 GHz, respectively. The matching circuits between the antenna elements and diodes are designed to provide the highest conversion efficiency at both 2.45-and 5.8-GHz band. The measured conversion efficiencies are 36.4% and 6.2% at 2.48 and 5.96 GHz under the low power density condition of 0.016 W/m 2 , respectively. The proposed dual-band differential rectenna can easily realize large-scale rectenna arrays by simply connecting the ground conductors on the back.INDEX TERMS Differential rectenna, dual-band rectenna, high conversion efficiency, stacked structure, wireless power transfer.
4 (2022) Examination for the Effect of the First Line-thinning on a Young Coastal Larix gmelinii var. japonica Pilger Stand. J Jpn For Soc 104: 154-161 Although linethinning is recommended for coastal forest, no study has examined the effects of line-thinning on a densely planted coastal forest. To examine the effect of the first line-thinning, we established line-and zigzag-thinning plots and un-thinned plots in a coastal Larix gmelinii var. japonica stand in Hokkaido, in 2014. During line-thinning, one line was thinned and two lines were preserved. We measured the diameter at breast height and tree height of living trees in the plots in 2014 just before thinning, and in 2017 and 2020. Hemispherical photographs were taken in 2015 and 2020 to evaluate canopy gap closure. Wind speed was measured in the gap in two thinned plots and under the canopy in the control plot. The thinning effects of line-and zigzag-thinning were the same for improved diameter growth. Although the canopy remained open in the line-thinning plots after 6 years, a thinning effect was observed only for the first 3 years. No strong winds were observed in the gaps in either line-or zigzag-thinning plots. These results imply that more trees should be removed if we expect a persistent thinning effect. However, there is no concern about wind damage when thinning a young coastal stand.
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