The objectives of this study were to assess midazolam and propofol as sedative agents for outpatient gastrointestinal endoscopy, with particular reference to recovery profile, amnesic effects, and haemodynamic state and oxygenation during the procedure. Forty consecutive patients were allocated randomly to two groups. Patients in group I (n = 19) received midazolam 81 (SEM 32) micrograms kg-1; those in group II (n = 21) received propofol 950 (400) micrograms kg-1. Both agents were administered as single injections to similar end-points of sedation. Psychomotor function was assessed using the digit symbol substitution test (DSST). Amnesia was measured with a visual memory test and subjective questionnaire. Patients in group I had a lower DSST score than those in group II (P less than 0.01), indicating a hangover effect from midazolam. Amnesia was similar in the two groups up to the time of removal of the endoscope. More patients in group II remembered removal of the endoscope (P less than 0.001). Oxygen desaturation from baseline was similar in both groups (P less than 0.01). An increase in heart rate and decrease in mean arterial pressure were noted in both groups. Propofol provided more rapid recovery compared with midazolam, but was associated with pain on injection, a short amnesia span, and reduced patient acceptance.
This paper describes the resu!t: of simn!ation studies on a c!ass of nonparsmetric tests, r", developed for the hypothesis ofhomogeneity, Ff,, ofseveral multivariate populations, and also on .*.u t c i m b a UI r c b r s , T I ; ucvc~upcu ~U O~C~U C I I L I~ I U I UIG I I~~J L I I C I A , : : , . of paralle!ism of popula:ion profiles. Simulation studies relate to, first, the investigation of accuracy of the large-sample nullspproximation for finite samples and, secondly, the study of powers under various types of alternatives to H , and H , .
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