There was significant improvement of Short Form 36 (physical component score and pain), Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Index, and leg and back pain scores in both groups over all time intervals. Surgical time and blood loss were significantly less in the BMP/compression resistant matrix group. The fusion rate in the BMP/compression resistant matrix group was significantly higher than the iliac crest bone graft group.
The results of this study suggest that rhBMP-2 may enhance fusion rate in cigarette smokers undergoing single-level instrumented posterolateral lumbar fusion. Despite the improvement in fusion rate with rhBMP-2, clinical outcomes measures were still adversely affected in smokers.
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