Context:Bone grafting materials which have an inherent anti-microbial property against initial colonizers of plaque bacteria would be useful in regenerative periodontal surgical procedures.Aims:This study was performed to analyze the antibacterial property of a Perioglas™ against a common oral commensal Streptococcus salivarius (early colonizer).Settings and Design:
In vitro observational study.Materials and Methods:Perioglas™ (in various concentrations) was assessed for its antibacterial property against the ATCC 13419 strain of S. salivarius. The anti-microbial activity was analyzed in terms of reduction in colony-forming units in culture plates and smear following a 24 h incubation at 37°C.Statistical Analysis Used:Observational study - No statistical analysis applicable.Results:The bioactive glass (BAG) exerted an antibacterial effect against the S. salivarius in the suspending media and smear. The antibacterial activity of BAG increased in proportion with its concentration.Conclusions:Perioglas™ demonstrated a considerable antibacterial effect against S. salivarius at 50 mg/mL concentration.
Osteochondroma (OC) or osteocartilaginous exostosis is characterized by cartilage capped, osseous projection protruding from the surface of affected bone. OC is the most common tumor of skeletal bones. This benign tumor can occur as a part of autosomal dominant syndrome called osteochondromatosis. Here, we describe a case report with our view in managing the patient and giving best treatment with the help of knowledge gained by literature and experience.
Objective:The aim of this in vitro study was to formulate an in situ thermoreversible injectable gel with poloxamer (PM) and methylcellulose (MC) to deliver simvastatin (SMV) in a controlled manner.Subjects and Methods:Preformulation studies (Fourier transform infrared and differential scanning calorimetry) to assess the interaction between SMV and MC and PM were performed before gel formulation. Keeping the concentration of SMV at 2.2%, the concentration of PM and MC was altered to formulate in situ thermosensitive gel at 37°C. Rheological studies were carried to analyze the physical property of the various formulations. Drug release profile and stability studies were done for the selected formulation. The in vitro drug release profile was carried out for using open end tube method and ultraviolet spectroscopy.Results:The preformulation studies showed that there is no interaction between the polymer and drug based on the rheological studies of different formulation, the formulation. F8 gels at 37°C and attains a viscosity of 4150 cps.Conclusions:PM 25% and MC 5% formed an ideal thermosensitive injectable gel at 37°C for subgingival delivery of SMV and also show controlled drug release for the period of 10 days in vitro.
Background: Fungal infection is one of the important causes of bloodstream infection in very low birth weight (VLBW) and extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants. Objective: To find out the incidence, mortality rate, and clinical spectrum of infants with invasive candidal infection (ICI) among VLBW infants. Materials and Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted over a period of 5-year at a tertiary care hospital. VLBW infants admitted within 24 h of birth were included. The clinical characteristics and the outcome of the infants who developed fungal infection were studied. The end point was either discharge from the unit or death of the infants who developed fungal sepsis. Results: During the study period, there were a total of 641 VLBW infants admitted and 18 neonates had invasive fungal infections (ICI), which accounted to an incidence of 2.8%. The mean birth weight was 1010±289 g, and the mean gestational age (GA) was 28.6±2.93 weeks. End organ involvement was found in 9 (50%) infants with the eye being the most commonly involved organ (39%) followed by renal involvement (22%). Stratified analysis revealed that lower GA and lower birth weight were associated with higher incidence of ICI (p<0.01). Out of 18 isolates that were identified, Candida albicans was the most common organism isolated in 13 (72%) infants. More than ¼ of the cultures (28%) isolated were non-albicans Candida species. The mortality rate among infants with ICI was 11% (2/18). The two infants who died had septicemia caused by C. albicans and multiple (renal and eye) end organ involvement. All-cause mortality in the study group was also 11% (73/641). Conclusion: The incidence of ICI without systemic antifungal prophylaxis was 2.8% and 5.3% in VLBW and ELBW infants, respectively. C. albicans was more common, but the emergence of Candida non-albicans is seen as a growing threat with some of them displaying resistance to azole group of antifungals.
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