Arbekacin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, has antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and is stable in the presence of aminoglycoside-inactivating enzymes produced by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). In this report, the antibacterial activity of arbekacin was compared with that of vancomycin, a glycopeptide antibiotic that also has potent antibacterial activity against MRSA. Arbekacin showed concentration-dependent bactericidal activity against MRSA strain 1936 (0.5-2 x MIC), but vancomycin showed only slight bactericidal activity, even at high concentrations of 19 x MIC. Arbekacin showed a longer post-antibiotic effect (2.3-3.8 h) than vancomycin (0-1.3 h) against MRSA strain 1936. Arbekacin induced marked morphological changes at 0.5 x MIC and the changes remained for 2 h after removal of the agent. When exposed to 0.5 x MIC of vancomycin, no notable morphological change was observed in the treated cells. Since arbekacin has broad-spectrum activity, these findings suggest that it may be a useful agent against MRSA infection, especially for polymicrobial MRSA infection with Gram-negative bacilli, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
The multinuclear Zn-bisamidinate catalyzed enantioselective addition of EtZn to α-ketoesters has been developed. The steric tuning of two amidinate units as well as multiple coordination on the Zn atoms play a key role in achieving high enantioselectivity (up to 98% ee) and unique chemoselectivity. The present catalyst exhibited the preferential alkylation of α-ketoesters even in the presence of aldehydes.
Introduction
When ileal conduit construction is performed for urinary tract drainage during radical cystectomy, the conduit is usually constructed in the right lower abdomen. However, no reports have described ileal conduit construction in the left lower abdomen when it cannot be performed on the right side. In addition, some ingenuity is necessary for construction on the left.
Case presentation
A 75‐year‐old woman visited our hospital with chief complaint of gross hematuria. Computed tomography and cystoscopy showed a huge bladder tumor, and blood analysis showed anemia. The patient was treated by radical cystectomy with ileal conduit construction. An ileal conduit was constructed in the left lower abdomen; it was impossible to construct in the right lower abdomen because of the abdominal wall scar hernia due to the past open surgery.
Conclusion
We herein reported a patient who underwent ileal conduit for urinary diversion on the left side of low abdominal wall.
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