The power capacity of distributed generators such as photovoltaic and wind turbine is growing, many of distributed generators are connected to a grid by inverters. The inverters are controlled by a PLL (Phase Locked Loop) in order to be synchronized with power system frequency. Power system will become unstable, if the capacity of inverter-connected-type distributed generators becomes larger and larger, because inverter frequency is controlled to follow the grid frequency. The concept of "Virtual Synchronous Generator" (VSG), which is to control inverters to behave like a synchronous generator, has been proposed. VSG has virtual inertia which is realized by an energy storage device to pretend rotor's inertia. In this paper, the control scheme of VSG is investigated which is based on the swing equation of a synchronous generator. Numerical simulation results show both ride-through capability of voltage dip and enhancement ability of grid stability.
SUMMARY
The capacity of distributed generators (DGs) connected to the grid by inverters is growing year after year. The inverters are generally controlled by a phase locked loop (PLL) in order to achieve synchronization with the power system frequency. Power systems may become unstable as the capacity of the inverter‐type DGs continues to increase, because the inverter frequency is controlled just to follow the frequency determined by other synchronous generators. It has been suggested that inverters be controlled to behave like a synchronous generator. This concept is referred to as the virtual synchronous generator (VSG). In this paper, a control scheme for a VSG is presented, and the design method for the required energy storage and the capacity for grid stabilization control by a VSG is investigated by computer simulations.
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