Abstract:The surface structure of the connective tissue papillae (CP) of Suncus murinus tongue was observed by SEM after fixing with Karnovsky' s fixative and removal of the epithelial cell layer with 3N or 8N HCl.On the surface of the slender conical tongue, there are densely distributed filiform papillae among which fungiform papillae are seen sporadically. A pair of vallate papillae are situated in the posterior region of the tongue. Filiform papillae appear somewhat different externally depending on the dorsal surface of the anterior tongue. At the tip of the tongue, filiform papillae are of a slender conical shape and have a slight depression in the anterior basal portion. The CP of these is seen as a spherical protrusion on which a shallow groove runs in the anteroposterior direction. In the middle region, somewhat large filiform papillae contain CP having one or two small round head-like structures on each spherical protrusion.These head-like structures are increased in number in the posterior region. In the most posterior region of the anterior tongue, there are distributed large filiform papillae having several slender protrusions that surround a basal anterior depression. These large branched filiform papillae have a glove finger like CP. Small conical filiform papillae are distributed in the posterior marginal region of the anterior tongue which have CP of a horse-shoe like protrusion that opens in the anterior direction. Spherical fungiform papillae have CP which are thick columnar in shape with many lateral thin folds running vertically and having a round depression on the top of each. CP of the vallate papillae appear as a beehive like structure. The surface of the lingual root is relatively flat, while the fine reticular structure of the connective tissue layer and scattered openings of glandular ducts can be seen after removal of the epithelium.
Comparative features of the dorsal tongue epithelia in musk shrews, mongooses and rats were described. The shapes of the filiform papillae were different in each of the species. The distribution pattern of filiform papillae was similar both in the musk shrews and mongoose, in that the form of filiform papillae changed gradually from the lingual apex to the posterior part of the lingual body. By contrast, the different types of filiform papillae were distributed on definite areas of the dorsal lingual surface in the rat. Microridges on the interpapillar surface in the musk shrew and mongoose presented a clear outline, but those of the rat were not so distinct. In all species, the upper surface of filiform papillae did not show any distinct microridges.
The surface structure of the connective tissue papilla (CP) of the cat tongue was observed by SEM after fixing with Karnovsky's fixative and removal of the epithelial cell layers with 8N-HCl for 2-3 weeks at room temperature. Small filiform papillae are distributed at the tip as well as in the marginal portion of the anterior tongue, while large filiform papillae are distributed at the central part of the anterior tongue. Middle sized filiform papillae occupy the boundary of the two and the posterior part of the anterior tongue. Fungiform papillae are distributed sporadically among the above mentioned papillae. Several vallate papillae are arranged in a V shape at the boundary of the anterior and posterior tongue. Several large rod-shaped processes are derived from the posterolateral margin of the anterior tongue. Giant conical papillae occupy the posterior surface of the tongue. A large filiform papilla contains CP consisting of one large posterior process (main process) and several small processes (accessory processes) arranged in a circle at the anterior basal margin of the primary connective tissue papilla. A middle sized filiform papilla contains CP consisting of several much smaller processes arranged in a circle. A small filiform papilla contains a short tubular CP. The CP of the fungiform papiilla has a cup-like top with several round depressions. A small zigzag surface structure appears on the CP of the vallate papilla. On the basal half of the CP of the giant conical papilla there is a rugged surface structure, while on the upper half run fine longitudinal fibrous structures that taper towards the top of each papilla. A few glandular ducts open at the basal surface of these giant conical papilla.
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