Divorce rates continue to rise, especially in urban centers, which in turn contributes to increasing numbers of women who remarry. While remarriage is one of the only options for survival for divorced women, especially those from low socioeconomic status, remarriage also brings with it increased stressors of financial strain and the strain of blended families. This study tested the hypothesis that remarried women compared with first-time married and divorced women are at increased risk for domestic violence. The sample was drawn from the Cambodia Demographic and Health Survey, consisting of 1,560 women with the average age of 31.64. Results showed that 20% of women reported emotional violence and 14%, physical violence. Based on hierarchical multiple regressions, this study found that remarried women were more likely to experience physical and emotional abuse than women in their first marriage or women who remain divorced/not in union. Further interaction analyses showed that domestic violence varies depending on place of residence, number of children younger than 5 years, partners' education, and wealth index. Rural residents who were in poorest and poorer groups and urban residents in their poorer and middle groups of their wealth index showed high risk of domestic violence. Remarried women with two or three children younger than 5 years showed highest risk of domestic violence. Additional three-way interaction analysis revealed that remarried women residing in rural/urban areas with a spouse having no education and/or primary level of education were at highest risk of domestic violence. The study lends support to the structural role of the power of male dominance on women's social and emotional well-being. This study suggested that to reduce men's perceived domination, structural intervention that includes implementing gender-responsive curriculum in formal education, as well as strengthening domestic violence law enforcement would help reduce domestic violence against women.
Chbab Srey (Code of Conduct for Women) is an important piece of Khmer literature outlining expected behavior for girls and women in Cambodia. Pieces of the poem are taught in secondary school and interwoven into the educational experiences of girls and female teachers, yet there is little research on Chbab Srey in education. Using discourse analysis, this article considers the influence of Chbab Srey on gender-related education policy in Cambodia. This research highlights the juxtaposition of Chbab Srey and gender mainstreaming in education policy and in the curricular experiences of girls and teachers in Cambodia, and introduces an unexamined and culturally coveted piece of Cambodian curriculum to the fields of teacher-related policy and girls' education.
Based on the patriarchal gender role perspective, this study examines the associations between parenting practices and child mortality. Using the 2014 Cambodia Demographic and Health Survey consisting of 7,165 ever-married women (M=28.70 years old), the results showed that mothers’ and fathers’ level of involvement and nutritional feeding were lower in remarried/re-partnered households compared to those in first-time married and divorced households. Remarried/re-partnered families reported a higher number of deceased sons and daughters compared to their first-time married and divorced counterparts. Hierarchical linear regression analyses showed significant interaction effects between marital status and fathers’ involvement, indicating that the highest number of deceased sons was reported in remarried/re-partnered households with the lowest level of father involvement. Other predictors for deceased sons and daughters included lower socioeconomic status, older mothers and older fathers. Families with a larger number of children were more likely to report having a deceased son. This study contributes to our understanding of the challenges faced by remarried/re-partnered women and their children in Cambodia where the traditional patriarchal gender roles are enforced.
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