& This study aims to investigate Hawaii consumers' willingness to pay for fish product attributes including farmed vs. wild-caught. Hawaii presents an interesting case study as per capita seafood consumption is around three times the national average and 75% of seafood products are imported either from the U.S. mainland or foreign sources. For this study, questionnaires were administered both in-person and online. Conjoint analysis of four different fish species (tuna, salmon, tilapia and moi pacific threadfin), measured consumer willingness to pay for species-specific attributes including both hypothetical and actual attributes available on the market. The results indicate Hawaii consumers are willing to pay more for wild-caught fish than farm raised and more for fresh than previously frozen fish with the degree of preference varying across species. This research can be used to better target markets and facilitate policy decisions pertaining to the fisheries, aquaculture and seafood industries.

This study used a national survey to examine how information that compared and contrasted gene editing with other breeding techniques, as well as a narrative, influenced both attitudes towards gene editing generally and preferences between a gene-edited insect and gene-edited tree to combat citrus greening. Consumers had low familiarity with gene editing but linked it to genetic modification. For citrus greening, respondents equally supported a gene-edited insect or tree, but the narrative decreased the perceived safety of both. These findings suggest that in general, consumers may support gene editing approaches to combat citrus greening.

For adult snow crabs (Chionoecetes opilio), from the western Gulf of St. Lawrence, eastern and western Cape Breton Island, and eastern Newfoundland, we compared morphometric, meristic, electrophoretic, and fecundity characteristics. Our morphometric, meristic, and fecundity data indicated that snow crabs from the four areas are morphologically and biologically distinct; therefore, they represent four "phenotypic" or "biological" stocks. We propose that the differences in morphology are due largely to environmental effects on growth during juvenile stages. The electrophoretic data indicate that Newfoundland and western Gulf of St. Lawrence snow crabs differ genetically from each other and from the Cape Breton Island snow crabs; therefore, they represent two different "genetic" stocks. Eastern and western Cape Breton Island snow crabs did not exhibit electrophoretic differences and, thus, they represent a single genetic stock. Genetic exchange between Atlantic Canadian snow crab populations appears possible through larval dispersal. There is a widely different degree of resilience to exploitation and response to the same management strategy between eastern and western Cape Breton Island snow crab populations; hence, a phenotypically and/or genotypically defined stock is not necessarily a useful management tool. Stocks may be subdivided into more meaningful management units that reflect intra-stock factors such as growth and recruitment patterns.

Smallholder farmers in developing countries encounter multiple barriers in access to inputs and technology, which prevent them from reaping the benefits from market participation. Women farmers face additional constraints due to gender norms that further limit their engagement in productive activities. While collective action has been shown to improve access to markets and economic outcomes for farmers overall, the evidence on the effects of cooperative membership for women smallholders remains limited. We investigate empirically the economic benefits of collective action for women farmers in the honey sector in Ethiopia. Relying on a rich data set on women honey producers, both cooperative members and non‐members, we evaluate the effects of belonging to a cooperative on three outcome variables through coarsened exact matching and regression analysis. Our results indicate that cooperative membership significantly increases the market price and the production quantity and, while the average effect on the share of product marketed is statistically insignificant, significant differences emerge for women with given characteristics. These results are shown to be robust to a number of tests that address biases from selection on observables and unobservables. An analysis of the heterogeneous effects of household membership in multiple groups finds that membership of self‐help groups or farmer associations amplifies the positive outcomes from belonging to a formal cooperative. Finally, qualitative findings derived from the same communities indicate self‐reported improvements in agency and self‐esteem among women members, thus reinforcing the importance of the quantitative findings.

Despite improvements in food access and affordability around the world, low-quality diets persist. Public policy affecting food choice may have a role to play alongside efforts to improve access to healthy foods. This study uniquely explores the potential for dietary interventions to encourage healthy food choice among adults in a developing country. We evaluate two dietary interventions using a randomized control trial in Bangladesh: a behavioral change communication workshop that emphasized national dietary guidelines and a "nudge" in the form of a plate printed with nutrition recommendations. We study the performance of both interventions in two environments: a lab-in-the-field experiment where food choices are discreetly observed at two lunch events and in the home using household survey data. The workshop improves diet quality in the lab and the home, although its impact is less precisely estimated in the latter setting. We find no effect of the plate in the lab during the same lunch event when the plate is received. The plate is effective at home, and the nudge effects of in-home exposure persist in the lab even when the plate is not being used. Receipt of the plate at the first lunch event followed by one month of subsequent in-home access to the plate improves food choice at the second event. Combining treatments does not increase their effectiveness. We conclude that nudges improve diet quality in our study context, but more evidence is needed to determine the effects of workshop messages in the home.