BackgroundHantavirus infection is an emerging zoonosis transmitted by wild rodents. In Brazil, high case-fatality rates among humans infected with hantavirus are of serious concern to public health authorities. Appropriate preventive measures partly depend on reliable knowledge about the geographical distribution of this disease.MethodsIncidence of hantavirus infections in Brazil (1993–2013) was analyzed. Epidemiological, socioeconomic, and demographic indicators were also used to classify cities’ vulnerability to disease by means of multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA).ResultsFrom 1993 to 2013, 1752 cases of hantavirus were registered in 16 Brazilian states. The highest incidence of hantavirus was observed in the states of Mato Grosso (0.57/100,000) and Santa Catarina (0.13/100,000). Based on MCDA analysis, municipalities in the southern, southeastern, and midwestern regions of Brazil can be classified as highly vulnerable. Most municipalities in northern and northeastern Brazil were classified as having low vulnerability to hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome.ConclusionsAlthough most human infections by hantavirus registered in Brazil occurred in the southern region of the country, a greater vulnerability to hantavirus was found in the Brazilian Midwest. This result reflects the need to strengthen surveillance where the disease has thus far gone unreported.
Este estudo tem o objetivo de analisar o perfil epidemiológico da Leishmaniose Tegumentar Americana no município de Patrocínio, Minas Gerais, Brasil, no período de 2007 a 2018. Trata-se de uma pesquisa epidemiológica descritiva a partir dos dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação do Ministério da Saúde. Nesta cidade foram notificados 21 casos no período, com uma incidência média de 0,21 casos de Leishmaniose Tegumentar Americana a cada 10 mil habitantes. O perfil dos indivíduos acometidos foi composto por homens (90,48%), brancos (71,43%), entre 50 e 64 anos de idade (33,33%), moradores da zona urbana (90,48%), com ensino fundamental completo (23,81%) e com a apresentação clínica na forma cutânea (85,71%). Todos os casos eram novos e evoluíram para cura (80,59%). Embora a Leishmaniose Tegumentar Americana se manifeste com uma incidência baixa no município, observa-se a manutenção da sua ocorrência ao longo dos doze anos analisados, figurando-se como uma doença endêmica no local.
Spotted fever (SF) is a tick-borne rickettsial disease that in Brazil affects mainly the economically active population. The occupational risk attributed to veterinarians, biologists and animal handlers is due to exposure to disease vectors. This study assessed the knowledge, attitudes and preventive practices relating to SF in a group of veterinary medicine students. A descriptive analysis was conducted among 173 students at a private higher education institution in the Brazilian Federal District. The participants were asked about their knowledge of SF, their attitudes when they found ticks on their body and practices relating to tick handling, treatment and prevention. The results showed that 84% of the respondents had heard about SF. Almost half of the respondents answered that SF is a tick-borne disease. Most respondents knew about prevention methods, and the main method cited was treatment of the animals with acaricides. Regarding attitudes towards SF, it was observed that most respondents removed ticks by hand. None of the respondents were using appropriate protective equipment when exposed to the vector. Although this population was well informed about SF and its preventive measures, this knowledge was not reflected in implementation of prevention practices.
como resquisito para obtenção do título de doutor em Medicina Tropical, na área de concentração: Biologia das doenças infecciosas e parasitárias (DIP), estudo de substâncias bioativas.
Este estudo tem o objetivo de analisar o perfil epidemiológico da Leishmaniose Tegumentar Americana no município de Patrocínio, Minas Gerais, Brasil, no período de 2007 a 2018. Trata-se de uma pesquisa epidemiológica descritiva a partir dos dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação do Ministério da Saúde. Nesta cidade foram notificados 21 casos no período, com uma incidência média de 0,21 casos de Leishmaniose Tegumentar Americana a cada 10 mil habitantes. O perfil dos indivíduos acometidos foi composto por homens (90,48%), brancos (71,43%), entre 50 e 64 anos de idade (33,33%), moradores da zona urbana (90,48%), com ensino fundamental completo (23,81%) e com a apresentação clínica na forma cutânea (85,71%). Todos os casos eram novos e evoluíram para cura em 80,59%. Embora a Leishmaniose Tegumentar Americana se manifeste com uma incidência baixa no município, observa-se a manutenção da sua ocorrência ao longo dos doze anos analisados, figurando-se como uma doença endêmica no local.
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