Rapid and early diagnosis
of respiratory viruses is key to preventing
infections from spreading and guiding treatments. Here, we developed
a sensitive and quantitative surface-enhanced Raman scattering-based
lateral flow immunoassay (SERS-based LFIA) strip for simultaneous
detection of influenza A H1N1 virus and human adenovirus (HAdV) by
using Fe3O4@Ag nanoparticles as magnetic SERS
nanotags. The new type of Fe3O4@Ag magnetic
tags, which were conjugated with dual-layer Raman dye molecules and
target virus-capture antibodies, performs the following functions:
specific recognition and magnetic enrichment of target viruses in
the solution and SERS detection of the viruses on the strip. Based
on this strategy, the magnetic SERS strip can directly be used for
real biological samples without any sample pretreatment steps. The
limits of detection for H1N1 and HAdV were 50 and 10 pfu/mL, respectively,
which were 2000 times more sensitive than those from the standard
colloidal gold strip method. Moreover, the proposed strip is easy
to operate, rapid, stable, and can achieve high throughput and is
thus a potential tool for early detection of virus infection.
It is suggested that detecting the precursor of the "cold fusion" phenomenon in deuterium/solid systems will help solve the problem of reproducibility. The results of first step in this direction are discussed. Electromagnetic radiation and energetic charged particles have been detected. It has been shown that the surface condition has an important impact on this phenomenon.
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