This paper examines the transition area between elastic and viscous behavior for a conventional electro-rheological (ER) fluid and a state-of-the-art magneto-rheological (MR) fluid through the use of oscillatory rheometry techniques. A comparison between the yield behavior (strain and stress) measured for these two different types of controllable fluids is presented. The data obtained for MR fluids represents the initial characterization of the pre-yield properties exhibited by this type of material. Finally, a recommendation as to a key area for future R&D is highlighted.
This article provides a summary of the current state of electrorheological (ER) material applications research and development. The use of ER materials in a variety of intelligent material systems is covered. A description of basic material configurations used in controllable system components, as well as a discussion of controllable devices such as antivibration mounts, clutches, and dampers, is presented. More recent developments in the area of ER material adaptive structures are then reviewed. Concepts underlying such structures are presented, and models that have been developed to simulate the response of such structures are summarized. Throughout the ar ticle, an attempt is made to identify current and future key areas of research and development in ER material applications technology.
This paper provides a summary of the current state of electrorheological (ER) material research and development. In particular, a description of the electrorheological effect, a defini tion of observed behavior, a critique of the proposed mechanisms for the ER phenomenon, correlations among the properties exhib ited by ER materials, an overview of the various test methodolo gies for characterizing ER materials, and a discussion of the re quirements imposed by specific applications is presented. Inherent throughout this paper are references to the properties exhibited by currently available, state-of-the-art ER materials. In order to facili tate the design of devices and to evaluate the effectiveness of a par ticular ER material in a specific application, it is necessary that experimental data reported for each material be consistent in terminology and test methodology. A recommendation as to the minimum amount of mechanical/electrical property information needed to adequately evaluate an ER material is provided.
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