Objective Endoscopic hydro-mastoidectomy, in which mastoidectomy is performed underwater, can be employed during transcanal endoscopic ear surgery for cholesteatoma removal. It was hypothesised that endoscopic hydro-mastoidectomy might take less time than endoscopic non-underwater mastoidectomy because the endoscope does not need to be removed for cleaning. Methods This study compared the mastoidectomy and total operative durations between the endoscopic hydro-mastoidectomy (n = 25) and endoscopic non-underwater drilling (control, n = 8) groups. Moreover, it compared the size of resected areas of the external auditory canal between the two groups. Results The mastoidectomy time of the endoscopic hydro-mastoidectomy group was significantly shorter than that of the control group (p < 0.01). The total operative time did not differ significantly between the endoscopic hydro-mastoidectomy and control groups (p = 0.17). The resected area was significantly larger in the endoscopic hydro-mastoidectomy group than in the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion Endoscopic hydro-mastoidectomy enables more extensive bone resection within a shorter period.

A statistical analysis examining 206 patients (61 males, 145 females) who had visited the neurotological clinic in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ikeda City Hospital, complaining of vertigo and dizziness between August 2020 and January 2022 was conducted. The age distribution peaked for patients in their seventies. Vertigo and dizziness of peripheral origin accounted for 65.5％, while that of central origin accounted for 0.5％ and that of unknown origin accounted for 8.7％. Most patients with vertigo and dizziness of peripheral vestibular origin had BPPV [Please define] (26.7％) or Meniere's disease (26.2％), followed by cardio−circulatory disease (13.6％), vestibular neuritis (9.2％), persistent postural perceptual dizziness (PPPD, 5.8 ％), psychogenic vertigo (2.9％), or delayed endolymphatic hydrops (2.4％).

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Hyperbaric oxygen therapy is one of the therapeutic modalities used for patients with acute sensorineural hearing loss, to increase the amount of dissolved oxygen in the blood and alleviating injuries. As our hospital has the facility for hyperbaric oxygen therapy, we use it, along with corticosteroid therapy, for the treatment of acute sensorineural hearing loss. We examined the effectiveness and complications of hyperbaric oxygen therapy by reviewing the data of 239 cases of sudden deafness treated by this modality.Complications of hyperbaric oxygen therapy occurred in 61 of the 239(25.5%)cases. The incidence rates of earache without otitis media, reddening of the tympanic membrane, and otitis media with effusion were 13.8%, 5.9%, and 4.6%, respectively. In 8.4% cases, it was necessary to discontinue the hyperbaric oxygen therapy because of the occurrence of complications ; however, with appropriate management, therapy for 10 days could eventually be completed in more than half of these cases.An adequate understanding of the principles and complications, as well as of the handling of complications of hyperbaric oxygen therapy, can make the treatment more effective in patients with deafness of sudden onset.