We experimentally infected pigs with the African swine fever virus (ASFV) Armenia 07 strain (genotype II) to analyze the effect of different dose injections on clinical manifestations, virusshedding patterns, histopathology, and transmission dynamics by direct contact. Each three pigs and four pigs were injected intramuscularly with 0.1 50% hemadsorbing doses (HAD50) /ml, 10 1 HAD50/ml and 10 6 HAD50/ml of ASFV Armenia 07 strain, respectively. Each two of three pigs injected with 0.1 HAD50/ml and 10 1 HAD50/ml died by 10 days post inoculation. All pigs had a gross lesion of splenomegaly. Perigastric and renal lymph nodes were enlarged and resembled blood clots in nine of ten pigs. It was revealed that 0.1 HAD50/ml of this ASFV was sufficient to infect healthy pigs by intramuscular injection and caused sub-acute lethal disease. For the transmission study, two 8-week-old pigs were injected intramuscularly with 10 3 HAD50/ml of the same virus. Each of the experimentally inoculated pigs was co-housed with two 8-week-old naive pigs. All contact pigs exhibited clinical manifestations at 6 or 7 days after the experimentally inoculated pigs developed pyrexia. These findings suggest that this strain may spread slowly within a herd. Histologically, lymph nodes resembled blood clots were formed by severe blood absorption and followed hemorrhage result of disruption of the lymphoid sinus filling with absorbed red blood cells. The severity of the gross and histological lesions depended on duration after infection, regardless of the difference of injection doses in this study.
A 2-year-female arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus) developed anorexia,
dehydration, and emaciation during the quarantine period for importation from Norway, and
died 17 days later. At necropsy, a fistula was observed on the left gluteal region, and
the left eye, left brain, and kidneys were discolored. Histologically, severe diffuse
suppurative meningoencephalitis and renal abscesses were detected. Numerous Gram-positive
cocci were detected in these lesions. Multidrug-susceptible Staphylococcus
pseudintermedius were isolated from the lesions. These results suggest that
S. pseudintermedius can cause severe multifocal suppurative
meningoencephalitis and nephritis in foxes. This is the first report of
multidrug-susceptible S. pseudintermedius meningoencephalitis and
nephritis in a fox.
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