This paper proposes a comprehensive risk assessment index system for Smart Grid cyber security, including five first-level indicators such as entity and environment security, management security, data security, software security and communication security. Every indicator includes specific sub factors. The cyber security risks for Smart Grid are emphatically analysed. The paper integrates AHP with Fuzzy evaluation method, through which the weight of each layer and the risk assessment matrix are determined. Practical case study shows that cyber security level of the Smart Grid is good, but it needs improvement and reinforcement in organization system, data signature, data backup and intrusion detection system.
Design for enterprise asset management (EAM) evaluation system of power generation enterprises based on key performance indicator (KPI) is proposed according to application of enterprise asset management system in power generation enterprises. KPIs preparations for implementation, goals and design principles are discussed. KPI-based EAM indicators of power generation enterprises are divided into operation management indicators, maintenance management indicators and materials management indicators in three parts. Finally benchmarking management analysis, comparative analysis of time trends and horizontal comparative analysis are used to analyze and evaluate the indicators.
As an external shading facility for buildings, a new energy-saving external shutter is presented, which is intelligently controlled and without external power supply. The slats are driven by a motor which is powered by the third generation thin-film solar cells. The signals, which are measured by wind, light, rain and temperature sensors, are processed by a microcontroller system controlling the motor. According to a quick-response and high-efficiency control strategy, the movement of shutter is regulated to achieve the most comfortable indoor environment.
The dynamic of a type of play equipment, Big Pendulum Hammer, was modeled and simulated in computer and the approach of natural coordinates was adopted to build its equation of motion. In order to obtain appropriate natural coordinates, a two-step selection method was chosen, which based on concept of natural coordinate system (NCS). The two-step method treats selecting natural coordinates for a rigid element as building an actual NCS which should be adapted from a standard NCS. In order to automate the process of adaptation for 18 rigid elements in the model of Big Pendulum Hammer, a four-step self-adaptation method was also adopted, which can help automate the selection of natural coordinates for multi-rigidbody systems.
The paper proposes a fast method that uses the lips color information in the Lab color space and the pre-knowledge of geometric characteristics around lip areas to extract the lip contour and visual speech features from color images or video sequences with front talking faces. In our method, the Adaboost algorithm is utilized to realize the face detection. Then, the mouth area is segmented based on the face shape attribution. According to the relative position of the trough and crest of the histogram, we can get an adaptive threshold. The A-component in the Lab color space was used to extract the outer lip and the L-component is used to extract the inner lip. From the contour image, we obtain the feature by searching twice the points of the contour. The experimental results show that obtained visual feature values in our approach are approximate to that with AAM algorithm but with less computation complexity.
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