There was a high incidence of sudden death due to haemonchosis in a sheep herd, where a regular anthelmictic program using diethylcarbamazine had been conducted. When a new anthelmintic program using ivermectin (IVM) or levamisole (LEV) was conducted over three years, the mortality apparently decreased from approximately 20% to 2.8% in the third year. The anthelmintic effects were poor with minimal reduction in egg per gram (EPG) in the pour-on route of IVM, but were significantly higher with a major reduction in the average EPG from 5418.5 to 3.2 in the subcutaneous route of IVM and from 98.2 to 1.9 in the oral route of LEV after administration for one month. However, the anthelmintic effects after two months of administration in the subcutaneous route of IVM were lower than those of the one-month interval, in which the reduction of EPG was from 120.5 to 41.1, indicating no significance.Moreover, despite the significantly higher anthelmintic effects at first administration of both IVM and LEV for each year, the EPGs were gradually decreased after the second administration.This may indicate the occurrence of drug-resistant worms.
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