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The effectiveness of the addition of a photoinitiator into self-etching primer was investigated by measuring the tensile bond strength between a resin composite and dentin or enamel.The addition of camphorquinone to 5M (5wt% MDP -35wt% HEMA aqueous solution) or 30M (30 wt% MDP -35wt% HEMA aqueous solution) did not increase the bond strengths of resin composite to dentin or enamel. On the other hand, the bond strength to dentin was increased by the addition of a water-soluble photoinitiator, 2-hydroxy-3-(3,4-dimethyl-9-oxo-9H-thioxanthen-2-yloxy)-N,N,N-trimethyl-1-propanaminium chloride (QTX) to 5M or 30M. The bond strengths to enamel were not influenced by the addition of QTX to 5M or 30M.

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A study was conducted to examine the efficacy of carboxylic acid monomers as self-etching primers by measuring the tensile bond strengths between composite resin and dentin. Several kinds of carboxylic acid monomers, such as o-(N-methacryloyl amino)benzoic acid (o-MABA), m-(N-methacryloyl amino)benzoic acid (m-MABA), p-(N-methacryloyl amino)benzoic acid (p-MABA), 4-methacryloxy phthalic acid (4-MPA), 2-(N-methacryloyl amino) terephthalic acid (2-MATPA), and 5-(N-methacryloyl amino)isophthalic acid (5-MAIPA), were prepared. 4methacryloxyethyl trimellitic anhydride (4-META) was also used as a component of the self-etching primer. The DMSO solutions of these monomers were used as self-etching primers. The tensile bond strengths between composite resin and dentin were measured after 24 h immersion in water at 37°C. When DMSO was used as a self-etching primer, the bond strengths were below 5 MPa. Among the monocarboxylic acid monomers, m-MABA gave the highest mean bond strength at 60 s application, and 5MAIPA gave the highest mean bond strength at 30 s application among the dicarboxylic acid monomers, although the differences among the values were not always significant. The smear layer was partially dissolved by treatment with the self-etching primer.