A 52-year-old female patient with massive ascites due to lupus peritonitis is described. Skin biopsy specimens revealed typical features of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in light microscopic and immunofluorescent examinations. Immune-complexes, antinuclear antibody and hypo-complementemiawere detected in the peritoneal fluid. The massive ascites responded dramatically to steroid pulse therapy. The levels of circulating immune-complexes, anti-nuclear antibody and complementin sera were also improvedafter such therapy. It was suggested that steroid pulse therapy may be useful for massive ascites due to lupus peritonitis.
1. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of dietary Ca2+ intake on blood pressure and erythrocyte Na+ transport in spontaneously hypertensive rats. 2. Spontaneously hypertensive rats and Wistar-Kyoto rats were fed diets with three different Ca2+ contents, 0.1% (low-Ca2+ diet), 0.6% (normal-Ca2+ diet) and 4.0% (high-Ca2+ diet), between 6 and 20 weeks of age. At 20 weeks of age, the levels of erythrocyte Na+ efflux, as well as Na+ and K+ contents in erythrocytes, were measured. 3. On the low-Ca2+ diet, spontaneously hypertensive rats showed an enhancement of hypertension. Conversely, on the high-Ca2+ diet, they showed an attenuation of the increase in blood pressure. Spontaneously hypertensive rats had a lower erythrocyte Na+ content and increased activity of the Na+ pump at higher levels of dietary Ca2+. Passive Na+ permeability and Na(+)-K+ co-transport were similar in spontaneously hypertensive rats on the low-, normal- and high-Ca2+ diets. There were no significant differences in blood pressure and in Na+ pump activity in WKY on the three different diets. 4. It is concluded that dietary Ca2+ might affect the regulation of blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats by changing the activity of Na+ pump in the cell membrane.
Altered erythrocyte Na+ transport has been observed in relation to the pathogenesis of essential hypertension. In the present study, intracellular Na+ and K+ levels, Na(+)-K+ pump activity, Na(+)-K+ cotransport, and Na+ passive permeability were measured in erythrocytes of DOC-salt hypertensive (DSH) rats, two-kidney, one clip Goldblatt hypertensive (2KH) rats, and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). The results were as follows: 1. In comparison with the control groups, no change in the erythrocyte Na+ level was noted in the DSH and 2KH groups, whereas a significant increase was seen in the SHR group. 2. Although no change was noted in the erythrocyte K+ level in the 2KH and SHR groups when compared with the control groups, a significant decrease was seen in the DSH group. 3. Na(+)-K+ pump activity of erythrocytes was not changed in the DSH and 2KH groups when compared with the control group, but a significant increase was noted in the SHR group. 4. Na(+)-K+ cotransport of erythrocytes was not changed in any hypertensive rats when compared with the controls. 5. Na+ passive permeability in the erythrocyte membrane was not changed in the DSH and 2KH groups when compared with the control groups, but a significant increase was noted in the SHR group. These findings suggest that increased erythrocyte Na+ levels in SHR are due to increased Na+ passive permeability of the erythrocyte membrane, and increased Na(+)-K+ pump activity may be compensating for the increased intracellular Na+ concentration in erythrocytes. Furthermore, the increase in Na+ passive permeability observed in SHR might not result from hypertension itself but from abnormalities in the erythrocyte cell membrane, because no increase in Na+ passive permeability was noted in either DSH or 2KH rats.
Previous studies indicated the antihypertensive effect of a high calcium diet (Hypertension 3: I-162-1-167).However, the mechanism is obscure. The present study was undertaken to assess the effect of dietary calcium intake on the blood pressure and sodium ion transport systems in red blood cells of the spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHRs). Materials and MethodsThe SHRs were fed diet with three different levels of calcium contents (normal 0.6%, low 0.1%, high 4.0%) between 6 and 20 weeks of age. Each group consisted of five male SHRS. Five age-matched male Wister-Kyoto rats were fed normal calcium diet and treated in parallel.During the experiment, the systolic blood pressure was measured weekly in the conscious rat using a tail cuff. At 20 weeks of age, erythrocyte sodium efflux as well as sodium and potassium contents were measured. The rate constant for sodium efflux was determined by using the method of Walter et al (Hypertension 4:205-210, 1982) with a little modification.Erythrocyte sodium and potassium contents were measured by the method of Sachs et al (J. Clin. Invest. 46:65-76, 1967). ResultsOn the normal calcium diet, erythrocyte sodium content, the sodium pump activity and the passive sodium permeability were higher in SHRS than WisterKyoto rats.On the high calcium diet, the SHRs showed an attenuation of the increase in blood pressure. The sodium pump activity was higher and erythrocyte sodium content was lower than the SHRS on the normal calcium diet. Inversely, on the low calcium diet, the SHRs showed an enhancement of hypertension.The sodium pump activity was lower and erythrocyte sodium content was higher than the SHRs on the normal calcium diet. The passive sodium permeability and the sodiumpotassium cotransport were similar among the SHRs on the low, normal and high calcium diets.The results suggest that dietary calcium might be related to the regulation of blood pressure by changing sodium pump of the cell membranes.Ouabain-sensitive Na efflux rate ccnstant in erythrocyte menbrane
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