Non-catalytic synthesis of 4-O-β-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-glucopyranosyl 2-acetamido-2,3-dideoxydidehydro-glucopyranose (GND) from chitin disaccharide, N,N′-diacetylchitobiose (GlcNAc)2, was achieved, with a maximum yield of 24.7% in high-temperature water at 120–220 °C and 25 MPa with a reaction time of 8–39 s.
Information hiding algorithm such as code, cipher and steganography are used for protecting the secret information from third parties. Ciphers are now widely used as keys can be easily created. Cipher have drawbacks of decryption with Brute-force attack, safety drop due to unexpected solution and the the existence of confidential information may be noticed by a third party. This research propose a new approach to make code from images used for steganography. The codes are generated from the carry images used for transmission. By adapted the proposed code consisting algorithm to carry images, we eliminate the drawbacks of cipher and make it easy to create and manage keys. Also, by inspect the distribution of changes in the pixel value before and after embedding, it is possible to judge whether information embedding itself can be awarded.
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