Multilayered amniotic membrane transplantation may be effective for the treatment of deep ulceration of the cornea and sclera. In some eyes with total corneal limbal dysfunction or autoimmune disorders, amniotic membrane transplantation alone is not effective.

RTVue-100 FD-OCT may be a useful alternative for measuring the CCT; however, it significantly underestimates the CCT compared with the USP and the Pentacam with slight differences. Although highly correlated, the measurements are not directly interchangeable in clinical practice.

http://journals.lww.com/corneajrnl/Citation/2008/12000/Therapeutic_Keratoplasty_for_Corneal_Perforation.35.aspx『Therapeutic Keratoplasty for Corneal Perforation: Clinical Results and Complications』（論文ID2407）に対するRepl

Our findings indicated that IVCM measurements of the whorl-like patterns may accurately define the extent of corneal nerve damage in order to monitor diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

Aim-To study changes induced in ocular surface epithelia and the tear film by antiglaucomatous eyedrops. A blocker (0.5% timolol) and a novel prostaglandin F 2 metabolite related drug (0.12% unoprostone) were examined in a prospective, randomised fashion. Methods-40 patients were randomly assigned to use either 0.5% timolol (timolol group) or 0.12% unoprostone eyedrops (unoprostone group) twice a day for 24 weeks. In addition to routine ocular examinations, corneal epithelial integrity (vital staining tests, tear film break up time (BUT), anterior fluorometry, specular microscopy) and tear function (Schirmer's test, cotton thread test, tear clearance test (TCT)) were examined before and after the treatment. Results-Both eyedrops caused significant reduction in intraocular pressure from the baseline levels. No significant changes were noted in corneal integrity in both groups, except a decrease in BUT at 20 weeks in the timolol group. The timolol group demonstrated significant decreases in Schirmer's test, tear clearance test, and tear function index (Schirmer's test value multiplied by clearance test); however, no such changes were noted in the unoprostone group. Conclusion-While unoprostone eyedrops caused no adverse eVects on the corneal epithelial integrity and tear function, timolol caused significant impairments in tear production and turnover. (Br J Ophthalmol 2000;84:1250-1254 The past 10 years has witnessed the development of a number of antiglaucomatous eyedrops such as blockers, adrenergic stimulants, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, and prostaglandin analogues. While these new drugs expanded the choice of treatment, they also increased risks of drug related complications. Since antiglaucomatous eyedrops are used for a long period of time, chronic side eVects are a major concern. Among these side eVects, ocular surface disorders are relatively common, which are caused by either the drug itself or by preservatives. [1][2][3] This complication has recently attracted attention in Japan, especially since a prostaglandin F metabolite related drug, unoprostone, was introduced. 4-7The incidence of corneal complications is reported to be up to 12.9% of patients using unoprostone eyedrops. 8-11It is not clear, however, if unoprostone is truly responsible for the complication because many of these patients had been using other antiglaucomatous eyedrops-namely, blockers. It has been reported that blockers alter corneal sensitivity and ocular surface epithelia.12-15 Therefore, it is not clear whether or not the ocular surface complications in glaucoma patients are attributed to the use of unoprostone, blockers, or the combination of both. We conducted a randomised, prospective comparative study on the changes in ocular surface epithelia and tear functions in patients who used either unoprostone or timolol eyedrops. Subjects and methods PATIENTSForty patients with primary open angle glaucoma (n=8), normal tension glaucoma (n=6), or ocular hypertension (n=26) were enrolled in this open labelled, randomised pro...

Keratoplasty is valuable for maintaining the ocular integrity and VA. In cases with severe preoperative inflammation of the anterior segment, it is difficult to achieve transparency after the first graft.

Diquafosol ophthalmic solution was effective in patients with dry eye, especially those with foreign body sensation and problems when reading and using visual display terminals.

BackgroundStudies identifying modifiable lifestyle risk factors related to open-angle glaucoma (OAG) are limited, especially from Asian countries. This study aimed to identify lifestyle risk factors for OAG in a Japanese population.Methods and findingsThis population-based, cross-sectional study recruited Japanese participants aged 40 years or older from January 2013 to March 2015. We took fundus photographs for OAG screening, determined lifestyle and health characteristics through a questionnaire and performed physical examinations. The participants who had suspect findings in the fundus photographs were sent for a detailed ophthalmic examination to diagnose OAG. Lifestyle and heath characteristics were statistically compared between the OAG and non-OAG participants. A total of 1583 participants were included in the study, of which 42 had OAG and 1541 did not have OAG. The number of days per week that the female participants consumed meat (mean±SD; OAG: 1.7±1.2 days, non-OAG: 2.7±1.5 days) was negatively associated with OAG (OR = 0.61; 95% CI: 0.43–0.88; p = 0.007). Higher intraocular pressure was positively associated with OAG in men (OR = 1.20; 95% CI: 1.05–1.38, p = 0.009). No significant difference between participants with and without OAG was observed for a range of other lifestyle factors and health criteria including self-report of diabetes, number of family living together, body mass index, blood pressure, pulse rate, coffee drinking, tea drinking, alcohol drinking, number of fruits consumed per day and days of fish consumption per week.ConclusionsA higher weekly consumption of meat appears to be negatively associated with OAG in Japanese women. Increasing the dietary intake of meat can contribute to reducing the risk of developing OAG.