This study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA)-coated β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) with N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) liquid activator (PLGA/β-TCP) on alveolar ridge preservation after tooth extraction in dog mandible. Thirty-two extraction sites were prepared in eight dog mandibles. A distal root of the mandibular premolar was extracted and randomly grafted with one of the following bone substitutes: (1) PLGA/β-TCP, (2) β-TCP, or (3) left empty as a control, and wounds were closed with keratinized mucosa graft. Post-operative wound healing was observed and scored to evaluate safety. After 12 and 24 weeks, the bone regeneration was evaluated with micro-computed tomography (CT) images and histomorphometric analyses. Gingival epithelization progressed over time without complication or infection. Micro-CT images and histological observation revealed that both PLGA/β-TCP and β-TCP granules supported sufficient new bone formation. Although bone formation and substrate resorption were delayed slightly with the PLGA and the NMP-containing plasticizer as compared to those treated with conventional β-TCP, it can be concluded that the PLGA and the NMP-containing plasticizer that facilitated the in situ hardening properties of the material had no negative influence on the biocompatibility of the material.
῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍The e#ects of four edible mushrooms (Shiitake, Hiratake, Eringi, Hatakeshimeji) on serum and hepatic lipid levels were investigated in rats. The experimental diets were prepared by adding +*ῌ (w/w) edible mushroom powder to a diet containing ,*ῌ fat and +ῌ cholesterol, and these were made freely available to male Sprague Dauley rats for -weeks. Body weight and food intake were recorded every , days, and serum and liver levels of triacylglycerols (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and phospholipids (PL) were analyzed at the end of the feeding period.The results showed that the body weight and food intake of the four mushroom groups were significantly lower than those of the control group (p*.*/). The liver level of triacylglycerols was significantly lower in the Hiratake, Eringi and Hatakeshimeji groups than that in the control group. The serum cholesterol levels of the mushroom groups were also significantly lower than that of the control group (p*.*/). These results show that the four edible mushrooms suppress hepatic triacylglycerols accumulation, and lower blood lipid levels.(Received Jun. +, ,**0 ; Accepted Sep. /, ,**0)
cellulose powder control Bunashimeji powder Buna orotic acid and cellulose powder OA control orotic acid and Bunashimeji powder OA Buna control OA cont TG control Buna OA control OA Buna TG mRNA
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