Temperature is one of the most important plant growth parameters that should be controlled in the greenhouses. The present study was aimed to assess the thermal behavior of a greenhouse with and without the fan and pad (FP) evaporative cooling system. A method was developed to approximate the greenhouse temperature based on the mass and energy balance equations. For this purpose, both of the fan and pad evaporative cooling system, and the greenhouse were studied. The results of the theoretical analysis were compared with those achieved by the experiments. Maximum deviations of 5.32, 5.56 and 4.53oC were observed between the theoretical and experimental temperatures of the inside air, the floor and the cover of the greenhouse without the cooling system, respectively. Whereas, the mean absolute error values associated with the predicted temperatures of the greenhouse with the FP system were ranged between 1.50 and 25.67%. Based on the obtained values for the correlation coefficient, root mean square error and mean absolute magnitude error, it was concluded that the models satisfactorily predicted the temperature of the greenhouse components. An air circulation system inside the greenhouse can be proposed to maintain the lumped condition even at the high temperatures, and lead to smaller errors. The results indicated that the inside air, the floor and the cover temperature of the greenhouse reduced by respectively 20.6, 13.0 and 20.6 o C when using the FP system with the air velocity of 4.4 ms -1 and the pad thickness of 6 cm.
Edible lamb fat is an illustrious frying fat due to its good flavor and stability to oxidation. Fat deodorization is a vacuum–steam distillation process that is accomplished for removing the unwanted components such as free fatty acids and volatile compounds. The present work has studied the kinetics of lamb fat deodorization under different temperatures in a batch deodorization system. Variations of acid value (AV), peroxide value, p-Anisidine value, TOTOX value and total color difference were measured during the deodorization process. The Logarithmic, Wang and Singh, Hénon et al., and linear models were fitted with obtained data using nonlinear regression method. Results indicated that the Logarithmic and Henon et al. models gave the best fitness respectively with AV and p-Anisidine value, based on the statistical criteria of correlation coefficient (R2), reduced chi-square (χ2) and root mean square error (RMSE). Furthermore, the linear model was selected as the best model to describe the variations of TOTOX value and peroxide value during the deodorization process.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.