Our study shows that HN observed by RCM can show atypical features that overlap with those observed on atypical melanocytic lesions and malignant melanoma.
Peptoids are a class of sequence-controlled polymers that provide a versatile platform for the design of bioinspired materials. Solid-phase synthetic methods offer absolute control over the polypeptoid sequence and have been optimized to improve reaction efficiency and versatility. However, these solid-phase strategies rely on the use of reprotoxic and restricted solvents, N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), resulting in significant hazardous solvent consumption and waste generation. Here we report the solid-phase synthesis of peptoids with complete elimination of DMF and NMP and their replacement with greener solvents and binary mixtures to minimize the environmental impact and improve the sustainability of peptoid synthesis. We investigate the resin swelling performance of the green solvents and show that the purity profile and yield of the final peptoids are not adversely affected when compared to those synthesized in traditional solid-phase solvents. Furthermore, we adapt these greener methods for use on automated synthesizers for the synthesis of peptoids with different sequences and longer chain lengths. The replacement of hazardous solvents in solid-phase peptoid synthesis represents an advance in the sustainability of peptoid research, which could improve the translation of peptoids from academic labs to industry.
A computerized system for real-time displacement visualization using carrier fringes in an electronic speckle in-plane sensitive interferometer allows force calibration for micro-displacement analysis of rat bones and verification of axial loading conditions. Once the force has been calibrated and the load is applied along the bone axis, the difference-ofphase method is used to obtain the phase map, which after phase unwrapping, allows the evaluation of the displacements produced by the bone deformation. The proposed method avoids common loading mistakes using first carrier fringes to assure that the loads are within the measuring capabilities of the in-plane interferometer and the Carré phase-stepping method to compensate for linear phase step miscalibration. The experimental results obtained with the calibration of loading forces and axial loading verification show the advantages of the system proposed here over a system which uses a cantilever configuration to make a similar bone deformation analysis.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.