In this article, we explore Norwegian Progress Party politicians' change of their rhetoric of immigration after the party for the first time became part of a coalition government in 2013. Equal to other right-wing populist parties in Europe, immigration has been the main reason for voters to support the Progress Party. How then does their immigration rhetoric change after entering office? This is important, as an intolerant immigration rhetoric has far-reaching consequences for the political climate in Europe. Right-wing populist parties can achieve much regarding migration policies merely because there is broad consensus on a strict migration policy today. However, to succeed remaining in office, they must remain being acceptable to other parties in the parliament and their coalition partner and therefore they need to moderate the way they go about communicating their message. Too much moderation however might lead to a split within the party, or losing core voters.
How do young Somalis in Norway conceptualize their sense of position and belonging? How do they relate to different entities such as Norway, Somalia, the Somali community in Norway and friends from different ethnic groups? I discuss young Somalis' narratives of location in light of debates in contemporary identity theory. The article is a case study of five young Somalis who were part of a sample of 40 Somalis interviewed during the period 2003—2007.
Social exclusion is a term which was introduced in the social sciences in the early 1990s in order to extend the focus beyond poverty by focusing on the relation between the individual and the society. During later years, it has been common to speak of a new social exclusion perspective, which is better fit to analyze the more heterogeneous, multicultural and complex society (Body-Gendrot, 2002). In this article, I will focus on the social exclusion in different arenas, thus underlining the multi-dimensional aspect of social exclusion. The underlying question is: ‘What is it that contributes to social exclusion of young adult immigrants in different social settings?’ and ‘How do young adult immigrants with different backgrounds experience social exclusion in different social arenas?’ I will distinguish between educational exclusion, labour market exclusion, spatial exclusion, relational exclusion and finally, socio-political exclusion. The combination of information from macro-oriented quantitative research and its focus on structural explanations and micro-oriented qualitative research and its focus on agency together make a holistic picture of social exclusion which underlines its dynamic, complex and multi-dimensional character.
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