Simple complementation assay systems were developed for the substrate-specific proteins P, of glycine reductase, sarcosine reductase, and betaine reductase, in which acetyl phosphate was detected as the product in all three cases. The betaine-specific subunits of protein B (P, responsible for betaine reductase activity were purified to homogeneity from cells of Eubucterium ueidam~noph~lum. The molecular masses of the two different subunits were 45 kDa and 48 kDa according to SDS/PAGE. The molecular mass of the native protein was about 200 kDa, indicating an u2P2 structure. The glycine-specific protein B (P, gl,c,,J was partially purified and subunits of 47 kDa and 27 kDa were N-terminally sequenced. The latter subunits cross-reacted with antibodies raised against P, and showed high sequence similarity to the 45-kDa and 48-kDa subunits of P, hcf.,inc, respectively. 12-"C]Glycine could be covalently coupled to the 47-kDa subunit by treatment with borohydride. By the same procedure, [2-"C]sarcosine labeled a protein of the same size. Like the sarcosine reductase activity, this protein was not present in glycinegrown cells, indicating its specific involvement in sarcosine metabolism. The labile viologen-dependent formate dehydrogenase purified with the respective P,, proteins and could be tentatively assigned to a 95-kDa protein.Keywords: Eubacterium trcidaminophiluin ; glycine reductase ; sarcosine reductase ; betaine reductase ; formate dehydrogenase.Glycine can be utilized by Eubucterium acidaminophilum as sole carbon source by the action of glycine decarboxylase and glycine reductase 11 1. The oxidation of glycine to S,lO-methylenetetrahydrofolate, ammonia, and reduced pyridine nucleotides is performed by glycine decarboxylase. The dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (P,) usually involved in the total reaction is not part of the latter enzyme complex in E. acidurninophilum 12. 31. Its function is taken over by a thioredoxin system, catalyzing the same, but NADP(H)-specific reaction that channels the electrons directly to the glycine reductase proteins 13, 41. The glycine reductase of E. acidurnirzophilum consists of at least three proteins (Scheme 1) : the selenocysteine-containing protein A (PA) ; the substrate-binding protein B (P,) ; the acetyl phosphate-forming protein C (P,) ( 5 -7 1. The 5,1O-methylenetetrahydrofolate formed by glycine oxidation is further oxidized in two steps by methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase and formate dehydrogenase to CO:. Both enzymes are specific for NADP(H) in E. reductase is also present in cells grown on sarcosine or betaine 181 in contrast to the situation in betaine-grown cells of Closrridium litorule, as revealed in this study, where only a betaine reductase, but no glycine reductase activity could be determined. Antibodies directed against P,, and P,. of E. uciduminophilum grown on glycine cross-react with homologous proteins of E. ncidaminophilurn and C. litorale grown on betaine [S, 61, indi-cating that betaine reduction occurs by an enzyme system analogous to glycine ...
Aldehyde oxidoreductase of Eubacterium acidaminophilum was purified to homogeneity under strict anaerobic conditions using a four‐step procedure. The purified enzyme was present as a monomer with an apparent molecular mass of 67 kDa and contained 6.0 ± 0.1 iron, 1.1 ± 0.2 tungsten, about 0.6 mol pterin cofactor and zinc, but no molybdenum. The enzyme activity was induced if a molar excess of electron donors, such as serine and/or formate, were supplied in the growth medium compared to readily available electron acceptors such as glycine betaine. Many aldehydes served as good substrates, thus enzyme activity obtained with acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, butyraldehyde, isovaleraldehyde and benzaldehyde differed by a factor of less than two. Kinetic parameters were determined for all substrates tested. Oligonucleotides deduced from the N‐terminal amino acid sequence were used to isolate the encoding aorA gene and adjacent DNA regions. The deduced amino acid sequence of the aldehyde oxidoreductase exhibited high similarities to other tungsten‐containing aldehyde oxidoreductases from archaea. Transcription of the aorA gene was monocistronic and started from a σ54‐dependent promoter. Upstream of aorA, the gene aorR is localized whose product is similar to σ54‐dependent transcriptional activator proteins and, thus, AorR is probably involved in the regulation of aorA expression.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.