The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between crack/cocaine addiction and dental health in men. Forty crack/cocaine-addicted patients and 120 nonaddicted patients (≥18 years) underwent full-mouth dental examinations. Decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) were identified using the criteria recommended by the World Health Organization. Crack/cocaine addiction was determined, based on the medical records and interviews of each patient. All drug-addicted patients used both crack and cocaine. The chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were used to assess the association between DMFT and crack/cocaine addiction (p ≤ 0.05). Decayed teeth showed a positive association with crack/cocaine addiction (odds ratio (OR) = 3.65; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.68-7.92; p = 0.001), whereas filled and missing teeth showed a negative association (filled teeth: OR = 0.37; 95% CI, 0.18-0.76; p = 0.008; missing teeth: OR = 0.33; 95% CI, 0.13-0.81; p = 0.02). The DMFT was only associated with age (OR = 2.12; 95% CI, 1.11-4.08, p = 0.023). In the present population, crack/cocaine addiction was associated with a greater decayed teeth index and a lower filled and missing teeth index. Programs aimed to encourage self-esteem and encourage individuals to seek dental care are required for this population. Further studies using a larger sample size and studies with women are required to confirm the results.
Aim
To estimate the automated biofilm detection capacity of the U‐Net neural network on tooth images.
Materials and Methods
Two datasets of intra‐oral photographs taken in the frontal and lateral views of permanent and deciduous dentitions were employed. The first dataset consisted of 96 photographs taken before and after applying a disclosing agent and was used to validate the domain's expert biofilm annotation (intra‐class correlation coefficient = .93). The second dataset comprised 480 photos, with or without orthodontic appliances, and without disclosing agents, and was used to train the neural network to segment the biofilm. Dental biofilm labelled by the dentist (without disclosing agents) was considered the ground truth. Segmentation performance was measured using accuracy, F1 score, sensitivity, and specificity.
Results
The U‐Net model achieved an accuracy of 91.8%, F1 score of 60.6%, specificity of 94.4%, and sensitivity of 67.2%. The accuracy was higher in the presence of orthodontic appliances (92.6%).
Conclusions
Visually segmenting dental biofilm employing a U‐Net is feasible and can assist professionals and patients in identifying dental biofilm, thus improving oral hygiene and health.
Introdução: A hipoplasia anteroposterior da maxila (HAPM), seja com discrepância dental ou não, repercute causando prejuízo estético aos seus portadores. A busca pela resolução de tal condição envolve muitas medidas terapêuticas, tais como cirurgia ortognática e o preenchimento com diversos materiais. Métodos: Esse estudo retrospectivo, observacional e descritivo avaliou, por meio de uma série de 20 casos operados e acompanhados por um período médio de 4 anos, a técnica de utilização do polimetilmetacrilato (PMMA) implantado sob forma sólida sobre a estrutura maxilar lateralmente à abertura piriforme, bilateralmente, como forma de resolver a HAPM com previsibilidade de resultados, segurança e reversibilidade, se necessário. Resultados: Entre os 20 pacientes acompanhados nesse estudo, foram registradas 3 complicações, que foram dor leve à palpação sobre um dos implantes, deslocamento de um dos implantes, com necessidade de remoção, e, no terceiro caso, parestesia leve do incisivo central, sem perda da vitalidade pulpar. Quinze (75%) pacientes manifestaram estar muito satisfeitos e 5 (25%) manifestaram estar satisfeitos com o resultado estético do procedimento; nenhum paciente se mostrou insatisfeito. Conclusão: A resolução estética da HAPM com PMMA mostrou-se uma forma de tratamento eficiente, com baixo índice de complicações.
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