ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of dilution of paramagnetic contrast agent with iodinated contrast and xylocaine on the signal intensity during magnetic resonance arthrography, and to improve the paramagnetic contrast agent concentration utilized in this imaging modality.Materials and MethodsSamples specially prepared for the study with three different concentrations of paramagnetic contrast agent diluted in saline, iodinated contrast agent and xylocaine were imaged with fast spin echo T1-weighted sequences with fat saturation. The samples were placed into flasks and graphical analysis of the signal intensity was performed as a function of the paramagnetic contrast concentration.ResultsAs compared with samples of equal concentrations diluted only with saline, the authors have observed an average signal intensity decrease of 20.67% for iodinated contrast agent, and of 28.34% for xylocaine. However, the increased gadolinium concentration in the samples caused decrease in signal intensity with all the dilutions.ConclusionMinimizing the use of iodinated contrast media and xylocaine and/or the use of a gadolinium concentration of 2.5 mmol/L diluted in saline will improve the sensitivity of magnetic resonance arthrography.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the influence of ionizing radiation from x-rays and gamma rays on the molecular structure stability of several radiologic contrast media employed in diagnostic imaging by means of 1 H and 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eight different types of iodinated contrast media (three ionic and five non-ionic) were exposed to x-rays and gamma rays irradiation. Subsequently, the H} nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of both ionic and non-ionic contrast media irradiated by x-rays or gamma rays demonstrated the absence of any alteration of the contrast media chemical composition. CONCLUSION: There is no problem in keeping contrast media inside examination rooms or close to radiological equipment. It is important to mention that, during the tests, the samples were directly irradiated, while in a radiology examination room, the irradiation is not direct and, therefore, radiation levels in these cases are much lower than those employed in the present study. Keywords: Imaging diagnosis; Contrast media; Ionizing radiation; Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; X-rays; Gamma rays.OBJETIVO: O presente estudo consistiu em investigar a influência da radiação ionizante por raios X e raios gama sobre a estabilidade molecular de diversos meios de contraste radiológicos utilizados em exames de diagnóstico por imagem, por meio da espectroscopia de ressonância magnética nuclear de H} de ambos os meios de contraste iônicos e não iônicos irradiados por raios X ou raios gama mostraram que não houve alterações na composição química desses contrastes. CONCLUSÃO: Não há problemas em armazenar as amostras nas salas, ou próximo aos equipamentos em que são realizados os exames. Enfatiza-se que a radiação recebida pelas amostras durante os ensaios foi direta, enquanto em uma sala de exames de radiodiagnóstico a radiação é indireta e, portanto, os níveis de radiações nestes casos são bastante inferiores àqueles empregados neste estudo. Unitermos: Diagnóstico por imagem; Meios de contraste; Radiação ionizante; Espectroscopia de ressonân-cia magnética nuclear; Raios X; Raios gama. AbstractResumo * Study developed at Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), in a partnership with the
This works aims to assess images obtained with administration of açai juice as compared to a manufactured standard iron oxide-based contrast employed as negative oral agents in Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography (MRCP), employing qualitative and quantitative evaluation. The research was developed with 64 patients submitted to MRCP exams (on 2 days) in a clinic of Curitiba city (Brazil). First (day 1), a manufactured iron oxide-based contrast (A) was offered and later (day 2), açai juice (contrast B) was given to patients. Radiologists (R1 and R2) evaluated the images, classifying them by a score (1-4). In order to have a quantitative assessment, Image J free software was employed generating plots of gray levels against distance of a chosen area of the bile duct interest region. Evaluating images for contrast A, R1 furnished an average score of 3.52 and R2 of 3.27. For contrast B, R1 provided 3.44 and R2 3.38. Both evaluators considered image quality with contrast A adequate for 62 patients. R1 considered adequate for 62 and R2 for 60 patients when using açai juice. By taking same images for all patients with Image J, a quantitative analysis was obtained, resulting correlation coefficient of 0.986 between average curves of contrasts A and B. Thus, açai juice is an adequate alternative as contrast agent in MRCP exams. Image J was employed as a new method for quantitative investigation of image quality, presenting good agreement with medical opinion.
O presente trabalho apresenta a proposição de uma sequência didática composta de dez aulas, direcionada a docentes de Ciências Naturais e tendo como foco turmas de terceiro ano do Ensino Médio. Como base, foram adotadas as concepções do multiculturalismo crítico e do Ensino intercultural, em vista à aproximação da realidade dos estudantes às salas de aula de Biologia. O tema, por sua vez, foi o da relação entre problemas causados ao meio ambiente e ações humanas, trazendo, portanto, a união do plural ao natural. Com o material concretizado foi possível avaliar as suas contribuições e desafios. Como contribuição considera-se a sequência didática como uma possível referência aos docentes de Biologia, a um tema ainda incipiente e com poucas experiências relatadas. Os desafios partem da complexidade de elaboração de aulas baseadas nas concepções adotadas. Tais problemas colocam à prova a capacidade de renovação e criatividade de professores ligados às Ciências Naturais, em vista à elaboração de estratégias que se façam mais atentas à realidade dos alunos.
Resumo: Este artigo tem como objetivo comparar a qualidade de imagens obtidas com suco natural (açaí) e um contraste comercial à base de óxido de ferro, usados como agentes de contraste oral negativo em exames de Colangiopancreatografia por Ressonância Magnética (CPRM). 64 pacientes foram submetidos a exames em dois dias consecutivos em uma Clínica de Diagnóstico por Imagem de Curitiba. Dois médicos radiologistas avaliaram as imagens, atribuindo notas de 1 a 4 e verificando se uma imagem obtida com suco poderia substituir a outra com contraste, para a emissão de laudo médico. Para se obter uma análise quantitativa, o software livre Image J® foi usado e os resultados mostraram, para o exemplo, alta correlação entre as curvas obtidas para açaí e o contraste comercial. Palavras-chave:Colangiopancreatografia por ressonância magnética, Agente de contraste, Qualidade de imagem, Image J®. Abstract: This paper has the purpose to compare image quality obtained with açai juice and a manufactured iron oxide based contrast used as negative oral contrast agents in Magnetic Resonance
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