Based on anthropological theory on food, this research gives a brief discussion on the development direction of food civilization, analyzes the facts that people's diet activities and eating behaviors, in the ancient Chinese society centering on the state political power, were controlled or influenced by the political ideology. It also probes the relationship between food culture and social-political traditions. Taking 'tables' and 'banquets' as the subjects, the paper introduces haute cuisine, everyday food and national dishes from the social stratification of diet. It proposes that the development of Chinese food has been influenced by the ritualized privilege system, noble traditions and application of ancient science and technology invention of cooking. It responds to Gernet's idea of poverty stress and Kwang-Chih Chang's idea of ethos. Through the power symbols of Chinese banquet culture, a banquet level analysis model is presented to pave a path for further empirical study.
Previous studies have demonstrated that the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-related protein-1 (LRP1) plays conflicting roles in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathogenesis, clearing β-amyloid (Aβ) from the brain while also enhancing APP endocytosis and resultant amyloidogenic processing. We have recently discovered that coexpression of mutant LRP1 C-terminal domain (LRP1-CT C4408R) with Swedish mutant amyloid precursor protein (APPswe) in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells decreases Aβ production, while also increasing sAPPα and APP α-C-terminal fragment (α-CTF), compared with CHO cells expressing APPswe alone. Surprisingly, the location of this mutation on LRP1 corresponded with the α-secretase cleavage site of APP. Further experimentation confirmed that in CHO cells expressing APPswe or wild-type APP (APPwt), coexpression of LRP1-CT C4408R decreases Aβ and increases sAPPα and α-CTF compared with coexpression of wild-type LRP1-CT. In addition, LRP1-CT C4408R enhanced the unglycosylated form of LRP1-CT and reduced APP endocytosis as determined by flow cytometry. This finding identifies a point mutation in LRP1 which slows LRP1-CT-mediated APP endocytosis and amyoloidogenic processing, while enhancing APP α-secretase cleavage, thus demonstrating a potential novel target for slowing AD pathogenesis.
It is broadly recognized that cultural factors act as invisible barriers in international business communications. As such, understanding cultural differences is an essential skill for both business educators and business practitioners as geographic borders become increasingly fluid. This chapter provides a framework for both business practitioners and educators engaged in international business. Seven themes are suggested for future research: cultural impacts of markets, international vs. domestic business communication, standardization vs. adaptation in cross-cultural communication, cross-cultural dimensions of business communication research, cultural aspects of the business communication mix, cultural aspects of business communication in the service sector, cultural communication implications of the aftermarket, and cross-cultural business communication education and professional training. The chapter concludes with suggestions that business anthropology be adapted as a tool for culture on international business and education.
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