The bioactive glass known as Bioglass or Perioglass (USB) (US Biomaterials, Alachua, FL) has proven to be an effective graft material owing to the apatite layer which forms on the surface of the glass, promoting bone formation. USB particles range in size from 90 to 710 microns in diameter, as determined by optical microscopy. A similar bioactive material, BioGran (OV) (Orthovita, Malvern, PA), was developed to limit the particle size of 4555 to the range between 300 and 360 microns, as determined by sieving. The objective of this study was to histologically and biomechanically compare the 4555 bioactive glass, produced by US Biomaterials, in a wide particle range (USB) to the narrower particle range glass produced by Orthovita (OV) The grafted defects will then be compared to normal cancellous bone (NORM) of the distal femur in rabbits. Histologically, more bone was quantified at both 4 and 12 weeks within the defects filled with USB and NORM when compared to the limbs filled with OV (p< 0.05). The OV particles had greater particle axes and larger particle areas on average than the USB particles (p < 0.05). However, the particle axis and area of the two materials decreased with time at a similar rate. Biomechanically, the USB- and OV-grafted defects had comparable peak compressive load, compressive stiffness, and compressive modulus which were equivalent to normal bone.
Osseous defects and fractures may require supplimentation to support and promote healing. Bioglass (BG) may be a useful therapeutic for these conditions. Therefore, we executed a study to determine whether particulate BG could promote healing of 20-mm unilateral ostectomies in the radius of rabbits. Ostectomies were either treated with BG or remained untreated in the control (CTL) group. At 4 and 8 weeks post-treatment, ostectomies were assessed histomorphometrically and biomechanically. New bone formation was more intense contiguous to the host bone for both BG and CTL than centrally, yet BG animals displayed active mineralization throughout the ostectomy. The amount of bone within BG-filled defects was greater than CTLs at 4 weeks, whereas, at 8 weeks there was no difference. Biomechanically, the BG-treated limbs required more torque to break than did CTL limbs at 4 weeks; however differences were not significantly different. By 8 weeks, the BG-treated and CTLs, had comparable strength. Bioglass may be a useful therapy to produce the early phase of osseous repair. However, improvements in handling properties of the particles will be needed to enhance efficacy.
Despite increases in federal allocations, little is known about how to ensure successful implementation of evidence-based programs. This descriptive case study using the Interactive Systems Framework for Dissemination and Implementation illustrates the Prevention Support System (PSS) implemented for one federal evidence-based policy initiative. Exploring perspectives of intermediary organizations, the article describes the impetus for promoting evidence-based programming, multilevel systemic change, and the collaborations to develop strategic partnerships between national and state entities. Two early adopters, Kansas and Nebraska, illustrate the general capacity-building technical assistance activities conducted to build a multilevel PSS. The article concludes with outcomes, lessons learned, and recommendations for building stronger implementation capacity.
Secondary fractures in the Le Fort I osteotomy procedures occurred on the side opposite the greater maximal compressive load and on the second operative side.
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