Introduction
Sweet's syndrome (SS) is associated with hematologic malignancies including acute myeloid leukemia (AML).
Methods
Patients with AML treated at our institution were reviewed to identify those with SS. Patient characteristics, laboratory values, and cytogenetic and molecular abnormalities were retrospectively reviewed.
Results
We identified 21 out of 2,178 (1%) AML patients that demonstrated clinical signs and symptoms, and histological features consistent with SS. Eleven patients (52%) were classified as AML with myelodysplasia-related features while three patients had therapy-related AML. Three patients had received treatment with granulocyte colony stimulation factor, one patient liposomal all-trans retinoic acid and two patients received hypomethylating agents prior to development of SS. Cytogenetic analysis revealed diploid karyotype in seven patients (33%), -5/del(5q) in eight patients {38%; three patients had -5/del(5q) as sole abnormality and five patients had -5/del(5q) as part of complex cytogenetics}, and complex cytogenetics in five patients (24%). Gene mutations in fms-related tyrosine kinase-3 (FLT3) gene were identified in seven of 18 evaluable patients (39%), including FLT3 –internal tandem duplication in four patients and FLT3 -D835 tyrosine kinase domain mutation in three patients.
Conclusions
SS occurs in 1% of AML patients; -5/del(5q) karyotype, FLT3 mutations, and AML with myelodysplasia-related features were more frequent among patients with SS.
Objective:The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) is a widely used instrument to screen for emotional and behavioral problems in children and adolescents. This study examined the impact that the choice of scoring template (male/female) had on scale scores in transgender and gender nonconforming (TGNC) youth as well as scores in the clinical range. Method: The analytic sample consisted of 108 participants (including 55 TGNC children ages 6 -11 years and 53 TGNC adolescents ages 12-18 years). Paired samples t tests, McNemar's test for dependent samples, and Cohen's d av effect sizes were used for comparisons. Results: While statistically significant differences were found for several syndrome and broad band scale scores, there were largely trivial differences when comparing female versus male templates. Further, the number of scores in the clinical range when comparing male versus female templates were not statistically significantly different. For example, parent/guardian report of transgender boys (12-18 years) showed significant differences between scores based on a male versus female template on 9 of 11 scales; however, only the somatic problems, rule-breaking behavior, and internalizing subscales showed a difference in the number of clinical range scores (albeit not statistically significant). Conclusions: Choice in template does not seem to significantly impact whether a score will be clinically significant or not in this community-based sample. More research that is inclusive of nonbinary youth, with clinical samples, and with larger sample sizes is needed to build upon this preliminary work.
Implications for Impact StatementThis study suggests that using the male versus female template for the Child Behavior Checklist does not result in significantly different numbers of scores that fall in the clinical range in this community-based sample of transgender children and adolescents.
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