This paper describes the development of an add-on module for the WHOQOL measures of quality of life (QoL) for use with older adults. The add-on module, known as the WHOQOL-OLD, was derived following standard WHOQOL methodology. In the pilot phase of the study, 22 centres from around the world carried out focus groups with older adults, with carers, and with professionals working with older adults in order to identify gaps in the coverage of the WHOQOL-100 that were relevant for QoL in older adults. Items generated from the focus groups were then tested in over 7400 respondents from the centres, with items being tested and reduced using both classical and modern psychometric methods. These analyses indicated a further gap in the coverage of the items, so further items were generated that specifically assessed intimate relations in older adults. A field trial study was then carried out in a further approximately 5500 respondents, again with the use of both classical and modern psychometric methods. The outcome of this second round of data collection and analysis is a 24-item 6-facet module which can be used in conjunction with the WHOQOL-BREF or the WHOQOL-100 for assessment of QoL in older adults.
This review was withdrawn, as of Issue 5, 2011, because it is substantially out-of-date. A new title of the same name has been registered, the protocol for which will be published in 2011. The editorial group responsible for this previously published document have withdrawn it from publication.
Despite the prevalence of mental health problems in later life, older people markedly underutilize mental health services. A greater awareness of factors influencing older peoples' attitudes to mental illness may therefore improve awareness and treatment of mental disorders in this population. A mixed methodology approach was used to explore and compare older peoples' attitudes to mental illness in a sample of clinical and non-clinical participants. Results indicated that, similar to younger people, older people endorsed a range of positive and negative attitudes to mental illness. However, when attitudes to mental illness were considered within the context of ageing and experience a more complex pattern of results emerged. Although negative attitudes to mental illness were associated with negative attitudes to ageing across the entire sample, clinical participants (and those with prior experience of mental illness) reported more positive attitudes to mental illness and more negative attitudes to ageing than non-clinical participants, for whom the reverse was true. Attitudes were also differentially related to health behaviour outcomes. Results suggest that attitudes to mental illness and ageing may be linked and mediated by personal experience and capacity for psychological self-regulation in the face of age-associated adversity.
The replication of the five-factor structure suggests that these are relevant themes within the feelings of guilt to both Hispanic and British dementia caregivers. The CGQ has been demonstrated to be a valid measure for use with British dementia caregivers and is likely to be of use in clinical and research settings.
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