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Analyzing data from the Retirement History Study, the authors find that the retirement plans of male workers aged 58–63 in 1969 were significantly affected by unanticipated events over the next decade. Specifically, unanticipated increases in Social Security wealth induced retirement earlier than originally planned, as did deterioration in personal health, whereas the recession of the 1970s tended to delay retirement. This evidence that policy changes do affect retirement behavior in systematic ways provides support for the decision by Congress to defer until the turn of the century the application of several important provisions of the 1983 amendments to the Social Security Act.

States need to investigate why women are less likely to receive antiretroviral drug therapies than men and to consider policies that might foster better access to antiretroviral therapies for women with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome because these efforts might yield even further reductions in mortality in women. Given the large reductions in mortality that accompany receipt of antiretroviral therapies, states need to foster policies that promote widespread use of new drug treatment protocols.

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