Family and friends naturally maintain an awareness of each other on an ongoing basis (e.g., knowing one's schedule, health issues) and many technologies are now being contemplated to help fulfill these needs. We use findings from a contextual study along with related work to present interpersonal awareness-a spectrum that differentiates how people desire and gather awareness for individuals across three different social groupings: home inhabitants, intimate socials, and extended socials. We compare this spectrum to workplace awareness and discuss how our study findings can be used to analyze and design domestic awareness technologies.

Abstract. Our goal in this paper is to clearly delineate how households currently manage communication and coordination information; this will provide practitioners and designers with a more complete view of information in the home, and how technology embedded within the home can augment communication and coordination of home inhabitants. Through contextual interviews, we identify five types of communicative information: reminders and alerts, awareness and scheduling, notices, visual displays, and resource coordination. These information types are created and understood by home inhabitants as a function of contextual locations within the home.

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Traumatic experiences are known to have a significant impact upon one’s physical and mental health. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is understood to be a common mental health consequence of trauma. However, Complex Trauma and consequences of adverse childhood experiences appear more prevalent and a serious public health concern that hinders the individual’s daily existence, thus emphasising the need to implement a culturally free treatment intervention. In this chapter, we begin by introducing traumatic experiences in several contexts and explore the treatment for trauma. It will focus on a research study that employs Comprehend, Cope and Connect (CCC), a third wave CBT approach, to deliver a culturally free form of therapy that has been adapted for individuals from diverse populations. The CCC approach’s relevance to cultural adaptation is explained and discussed through the use of two case examples from the main study. The Culture Free study found that CCC was both feasible and acceptable in diverse populations, echoing existing research on cultural adaptations which found use of mindfulness to be accepted and appreciated as an effective intervention that can elicit concrete positive change across a broad range of mental health presentations, including trauma and trans-diagnostically. Further investigations utilising a robust methodology and powered sample are warranted in particular with diverse populations presenting with complex trauma.

Ethnographic studies of the home revealed the fundamental roles that physical locations and context play in how household members understand and manage conventional information. Yet we also know that digital information is becoming increasingly important to households. The problem is that this digital information is almost always tied to traditional computer displays, which inhibits its incorporation into household routines. Our solution, location-dependent information appliances, exploit both home location and context (as articulated in ethnographic studies) to enhance the role of ambient displays in the home setting; these displays provide home occupants with both background awareness of an information source and foreground methods to gain further details if desired. The novel aspect is that home occupants assign particular information to locations within a home in a way that makes sense to them. As a device is moved to a particular home location, information is automatically mapped to that device along with hints on how it should be displayed. INTRODUCTIONMany researchers are now examining the role of routines and places in the management of information in domestic environments [e.g., 3,9,13,25]. They do this to recognize opportunities for new technologies, and to design these technologies so that they fit into the home more naturally, i.e., technology adds value without being disruptive or frustrating. Our own specific interest is in home communication information, which we define as any item in the home that is used to communicate with other members of the household, or with the outside world from within the home. We already know there is a great deal of paper-based communicative information scattered about in every home: overflowing paper on counter tops and bulletin boards, notes, calendars, reminders, to-do lists, mail, messages, letters, pictures. Far from being 'an unorganized mess', people place information within home locations in a way that optimizes their routines, i.e., how home dwellers collectively amass, track, and use this information [3,9,13,25] (see §2).Yet we also know that digital information is becoming increasingly important to households. Indeed, information management and display, particularly of dynamic information, is something computers can do very well. The issue is that this digital information is almost always tied to traditional computer displays, which inhibits its incorporation into household routines. People have to 'go to the computer', perhaps located in a out-ofthe-way corner of the home, if they wish to do anything with this information. The consequence is that information monitoring is fairly heavyweight, or that household communication is inhibited as people do not receive it in a timely manner.This introduces a divide. While people have developed excellent strategies for managing conventional information, dynamic and often quite important digital information is difficult to integrate into current home management routines. In part, this is because conventional ...

Solution-focused approaches are one approach to treatment used in a wide variety of settings in modern mental healthcare services. As yet, there has been no overall synthesis of how this approach is understood in the adult mental health literature. This conceptual review aimed to synthesize the ways that solution-focused approaches have been conceptualized and understood, within the adult mental health literature, in the five decades since their conception. A systematic search followed by multiple techniques from the narrative synthesis approach were used to develop a conceptual framework of the extracted data. Fifty-six papers published between 1993 and 2019 were included in the review. These papers spanned a variety of clinical contexts and countries, but despite this the underlying key principles and concepts of solution-focused approaches were remarkably similar over time and setting. Thematic analysis of extracted data outlined five key themes relevant to the conceptualization of this approach. This conceptual framework will help support clinicians using solution-focused techniques or therapies by giving them a coherent understanding of such approaches, by what mechanisms they work, and how key principles of this approach can be utilized in adult mental health settings.

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