This study evaluates the test-retest reliability and validity of self-report measures of physical activity that can be self-administered in classroom settings to 4th grade students. Four different self-report formats were tested on 66 students. To assess test-retest reliabilities, self-report measures were administered on two occasions, separated by a 3-day interval between Time 1 (Friday) and Time 2 (Monday). One-way model intraclass reliabilities ranged from .51 to .74. Three days of monitoring with the Caltrac accelerometer were used as the validity criterion. Only one of the three weekly recalls, the Weekly Activity Checklist, was supported by significant validity correlations at both Time 1 (r = .34, p < .01) and Time 2 (r = .26, p < .05). The 1-day recall, Yesterday Activity Checklist, correlated significantly (r = .33, p < .01) with the previous day's Caltrac monitor score. Although two of the physical activity recall formats were found to be superior to two others, these data highlight the limitations of children's self-reports. Two self-report formats were found to have modest levels of reliability and validity with 4th grade children when administered in a classroom setting.
The methods in this study can be used to identify optimal risk/benefit ratios for treatment development and inform the process by which patients make treatment decisions.
Disparities related to barriers to care for HIV-positive and at-risk minorities continue to be a major public health problem. Adaptation of efficacious HIV prevention interventions for use as health communication innovations is a promising approach for increasing minorities' utilization of HIV health and ancillary services. Role model stories, a widely-used, HIV prevention strategy, employ culturally tailored narratives to depict experiences of an individual modeling health risk reduction behaviors. This paper describes the careful development of a contextually appropriate role model story focused on increasing minorities' engagement in HIV/AIDS health and related services. Findings from interviews with community members and focus groups with HIV-positive minorities indicated several barriers and facilitators related to engagement in HIV healthcare and disease management (e.g., patient/provider relationships) and guided the development of role model story narratives.
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